chemistry vocab ch 3
Terms
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- absolute type
- the zero point on the kelvin temp. scale, equivalent to -273 celsius; all molecular motion theoretically stops at this temp.
- accepted value
- a quantity used by general agreement of what is being measured.
- accuracy
- the closeness of a measurement to the measurement to the true value of what is beng measured.
- celsius scale
- the temp scale in which the freezing point of water is 0 celsius, boiling point is 100 celsius
- density
- the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume
- error
- the difference between the accepted value and the experimental value.
- gram
- a metric mass unit equal to the mass of 1 cm3 of water at 4 celsius
- hydrometer
- a device used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid
- international system of units
- the revised version of he metric system , adopted by international agreement in 1960
- kelvin scale
- the temp scale inn which the freezing pont of water is 273 K and the boiling pt is 373 K; 0 K is the absolute zero
- kilogram
- the mass of one liter of water at 4 celsius; it is the base unit of mass in SI
- liter
- the volume of a cube measuring 10 centimeters on each edge (1000 cm3) ; it s the common unprefixed unit of vlume in the metric system.
- meter
- the base unit of lenght in SI
- percent error
- the percent that a measured value differs from the accepted value
- precision
- describes the closeness or reproductability of a set of measurements taken under he same conditions
- qualitative measurement
- a measurement that gives descriptive nonnumeric results
- quantitative measurements
- a measurement that gives definate, usually numeric results
- scientifc notation
- expression of numbers in the form n x 10n (little squared n) where n is greater than or equal to one and less than 10 and n is an interger
- signifcant figure
- all the digits that can be known presicely in a measurement, plus a last estimated digit
- specific gravity
- the ratio of density of a substance to that of a standard substance(usually water)
- temperature
- a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter; temperature determines the direction of heat transfer
- volume
- the space occupied by a sample of matter
- weight
- force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass