Microbiology Terms: Chapter 11
Terms
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- physical agent
- heat, radiation
- chemical agents
- disinfectants, antiseptics
- mechanical removal agents
- filtration, sanitization, degermation
- highest resistance
- bacterial endospores
- moderate resistance
- protozoan cysts, zygospores, some viruses (naked) Hepatitis B virus, poliovirus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas.
- lowest resistance
- most bacterial vegetative cells, ordinary fungal spores and hyphae, enveloped viruses, trophozoites (vegetative from of protozoans).
- sterilization
- process that destroys or removes all viable microorganisms including bacterial endospores.
- disinfection
- physical process or chemical agent to destroy vegetative pathogen but not endospores
- antisepsis
- chemical agents applied directly to body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative pathogens-swabbing with alcohol, hydrogen peroxide.
- sanitation
- cleansing technique that mechanically removes microbes to reduce the level of contaminatns-washing dishes.
- aseptic technique
- in lab, preventing the introduction of contaminating organisms into cultures-or ourselves.
- microbistatic
- microbes prevented from multiplying but not killed-prevents growth of microbes.
- microbicidal
- agent designed to kill microbes.
- microbial death
- the permanent loss of reproductive capability, even under optimum growth conditions.
- factors that influence microbial death
-
1. the # of microbes-more harder to kill.
2. nature of microbes in popultion, mixtures-more types, harder to kill.
3. temperature and pH of environment-higher temp, easier to kill.
4. mode of action of agent. - sporicide
- a chemical agent capable of destroying bacterial endospores.