Dymond Biology II
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- Virus is the Latin word for __________?
- poison
- The size of a virus is 20 - 250 nm and must be seen with what type of microscope?
- electron microscope
- What do viruses use to reproduce new viruses?
- host cells
- Why are viruses not considered living?
-
1. don't grow
2. don't maintain homeostasis
3. don't metabolize - What are some infectious diseases caused by viruses?
- mumps, smallpox, polio, influenza, rabies, chickenpox, hepatitis, common cold
- When was the virus first discovered and what was it discovered in?
- late 1800's affecting tobacco plants
- What was the virus isolated by W. Stanley in 1935?
- Tobacco mosaic virus
- What are some ways to classify viruses?
-
1. RNA
2. DNA
3. Shape
4. Host - What is a virus which affects bacteria?
- Bacteriophage
- Packets of DNA or RNA are covered this this protein coat?
- capid
- What are harmful diseases called which are caused by viruses or bacteria?
- pathogenic
- In 1918 to 1919 how many died from the flu?
- 22 million
- In order for a virus to reproduce new viruses it must use what kind of cell?
- animal, plant, or bacterial
- What is the approximate number of people infected with HIV world wide?
- 50 million
- What is similar to a virus and causes proteins to change shape and not allow normal protein function?
- Prions
- What is a good example of a disease caused by What?
- prions
- What are the centers of DNA or RNA segments?
- nucleic acids
- What are viruses probably linked to?
-
some brain cancers
breast cancers
depression - What are single strands of RNA called?
- Viroids
- What do viroids mainly affect?
- plants
- What cells does HIV attack and destroy?
- helpter T
- What can happen when a proteins' shape is abnormal?
-
1. cells may malfunction
2. may cause disease
3. body chemistry may not work properly - Who is a person employed by hospitals, health departments, and universities to study human health and disease, and how the disease spreads?
- Epidemiologist
- What are an example of retroviruses?
- influenza, rabies HIV,
- What is the covers the nucleic acid of a virus?
- capsid
- What does HIV stand for?
- human immunodeficiency virus
- Before HIV is able to attach itself to a host blood cell, the surface proteins on the HIV must first recognize these proteins on the blood cell?
- receptor proteins
- What is the age group of the new infections of HIV in the U.S.?
- Under 25
- Aids is an example of an opportunistic disease because it strikes whom?
- Those with a weak immune system
- What are two opportunistic diseases that AIDS victims may suffer or die from?
- cancer pneumonia
- What are two reasons why a virus is not considered to be alive?
-
1. do not grow
2. do not metabolize
3. do not maintain homeostasis - What is a virus or bacteria which causes a disease called?
- pathogenic
- Who is a person who studies how diseases are spread in a community?
- Epidemiologist
- What are two ways to classify a virus?
-
1. Shape or RNA
2 Host or DNA - What must surface proteins on the HIV recognize on the blood in order for HIV to attach itself to a host blood cell?
- RECEPTOR proteins