SophiL's science
Terms
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- golgi body
- receive materials through the endoplasmic reticulum and send them to other parts of the cell
- selectively permeable
- means that some substances can pass thruogh it while others cannot
- ribosomes
- the organelles where proteins are made
- organelles
- tiny structures that carry out specific functions within the cell
- convex lens
- a lens with this curved shape
- enzyme
- a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
- nucleic acids
- very large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosporus....contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life
- proteins
- large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and in some cases..sulfur
- nucleus
- a large oval structure that directs all of the cell's activities
- lipids
- fats, oils, and waxes... energy rich(more than carbohydrates)
- magnification
- the ability to make things lood larger than they are
- one of the cell membrane's main functions
- it control what substances come into and out of a cell
- microscope
- an instrument that make small objects look larger
- cytoplasm
- the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
- what are the organelles functiond
- produce energy, build and transport materials, and store and recycle wastes
- two kinds of nucleic acids
- DNA and RNA
- what invention made it possible for people to discover and learn about cells?
- microscope
- cells
- the basic unit of structure and function in lining things
- What is needed for chemical reactions to happen within cells
- water
- DNA
- the genetic material that carries information about an arganism that is passed from parent to offspring
- mitochondria
- rod shaped organelles produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions
- RNA
- plays an important role in the production of proteins
- vacuole
- storage area that stores food, water, wastes, and other materials
- chromatin
- thin strands that contain genetic material, the instruction that direct the function of the cell
- chloroplasts
- capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell, gives plants green color
- compound microscope
- a light microscope that has more than one lens
- molecule
- the smalles unit of most compounds
- what are the three methods of getting into and out of cells
- diffusion, osmosis, or active transport
- compound
- two or more elements combined chemically
- diffusion
- the process by which molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration to an are a of lower concentration
- cell membrane
-
plant cell.. located just inside the cell wall
animal cell.. forms the outside boundary that seperates the cell from its enviroment - organice compound
- compounds that contain carbon
- atom
- the smalles unit of an element
- endoplasmice reticulum (ER)
- organelle passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another
- passive transport
- movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy
- cell theory
-
1. all living things are made up of cells
2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. all cell come from other cells - active transport
- the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy
- what is the difference betweent active and passive transport?
- active transport requires the cell to use energy and the passive transport does not
- osmosis
- diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane
- carbohydrates
- and energy- rich organic compound made of the element carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- amino acids
- smaller molecules than protein molecules...there are 20 kinds
- cell wall
- a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds a plant cell
- element
- any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
- what do animal cells and plant cells have that the bacterial cells do not have.
- a nucleus
- which kind of cell is smallest of the other cells?
- bacterial cell
- lysosomes
- contain chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones
- nucleolus
- where ribosomes are made
- what are 4 inorganic compounds a which is the exception
-
water, sodium chloride, table salt
exception...carbon dioxide - inorganic compound
- compounds that do not contain carbon
- the most important groups of organic compounds found in living things?
- carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
- resolution
- the ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object
- how do the lens or lenses in a light microscope magnify an object?
- by bending the light that passes through them