Film Analysis
Terms
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- continuous, unedited piece of film of any length
- Shot
- a series of shots that together form a complete episode or unit of the narrative
- Scene
- Drawn up when designing a production. Plans AV text and shows how each shot relates to sound track. (Think comic strip with directions - like a rough draft or outline for a film.)
- Storyboard
- The editing together of a large number of shots with no intention of creating a continuous reality. A montage is often used to compress time, and montage shots are linked through a unified sound - either a voiceover or a piece of music.
- Montage
- narrative strategy that crosscuts between two or more separate actions to create the illusion that they are occurring simultaneously
- Parallel Action
- Overall view from a distance of whole scene often used as an establishing shot - to set scene. Person - will show whole body.
- Long shot
- Middle distance shot - can give background information while still focusing on subject. Person - usually shows waist to head.
- Mid shot
- Focuses on detail / expression / reaction. Person - shows either head or head and shoulders.
- Close up
- single continuous shot made with a camera moving along the ground
- Tracking shot
- shot taken at a 180 degree angle from the preceding shot (reverse-shot editing is commonly used during dialogue, angle is often 120 to 160 degrees)
- Reverse shot
- Framed from a particular character's point of view. Audience sees what character sees.
- Subjective shot (P.O.V.)
- Camera moves from side to side from a stationary position
- Pan
- Movement up or down from a stationary position
- Tilt
- The camera moves to follow a moving object or person
- Tracking
- shoots up at subject. Used to increase size, power, status of subject
- Low angle camera
- shoots down at subject. Used to increase vulnerability, powerlessness, decrease size
- High angle camera
- The ending of a shot. If the cut seems inconsistent with the next shot, it is called a jump cut.
- Cut
- The image appears or disappears gradually. Often used as a division between scenes.
- Fade in or out
- One image fades in while another fades out so that for a few seconds, the two are superimposed.
- Dissolve
- Consists of dialogue, sound effects and music. Should reveal something about the scene that visual images don't.
- Soundtrack
- all sounds that are neither dialogue nor music
- Sound Effects
- spoken words laid over the other tracks in sound mix to comment upon the narrative or to narrate
- Voice-over