Gross-Session 39(Fred)

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What are the major functions of the nasal cavity?: 1-conduct air to nasopharynx;
2-Warm and humidify inspired air;
3-Filter dust;
4-olfaction;
5-receive drainage of paranasal sinuses;
6-receive drainage of nasolacrimal duct
What bones make up the skeletal framework of the lateral walls and septum of the nasal cavity?: Lateral wall
a. Ethmoid boneâ€”superior and and middle conchae
b. Inferior nasal concha
c. Maxilla
d. Nasal bone
e. Palatine bone (perpendicular plate)
f. Sphenoid bone (medial pterygoid plate)
g. Lacrimal bone
h. Alar cartilages
What bones make up the nasal septum?: Medial wall (Nasal septum)
a. Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
b. Vomer
c. Septal cartilage
d. Minor contributions by palatine, maxilla, frontal, sphenoid and nasal bones
What lies lateral to the nasal cavity?: Ethmoidal sinuses(air cells),
Orbit,
Maxillary Sinus
What lies inferior to the nasal cavity?: Oral cavity
What lies superior to the nasal cavity?: Frontal lobe of the brain,
olfactory bulbs
What lies posterior to the nasal cavity?: Nasopharynx,
Sphenoidal sinus
What are the 4 paranasal sinuses?: Frontal, Ethmoidal, Shpenoidal, Maxillary
What drains into the Sphenoethmoidal recess?: Sphenoidal sinus.
What drains into the superior meatus?: Posterior ethmoidal sinus.
What drains into the middle meatus?: Middle ethmoidal sinus
What is the name for the prominence caused by the ethmoidal air cells that contains the opening of the middle ethmoidal sinuses?: Ethmoidal bulla
What drains into the semilunar hiatus?: Frontal sinus, Anterior ethmoidal sinus, maxillary sinus
What is the infundibulum an extension of?: Middle meatus.
What drains into the inferior meatus?: nasolacrimal duct
What artery supplies the nasal septum and lateral walls of the nasal cavity from the internal carotid artery? External? What are they branches of?: Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal arteries are branches of the opthalmic arter from the internal carotid artery; Sphenopalatine artery is a Branch of maxillary artery from external carotid artery.
What artery passes through the incisive canal to supply the andterior-inferior portion of the septum? What other structure does it supply? What is it a branch of?: The greater palatine artery also supplies the hard palate.

Branches off of the maxillary artery from the external carotid artery.
What two arteries supply the anterior-inferior nasal septum? What are they branches of?: Greater palatine artery from the maxillary artery and the septal branch of the superior labial artery which is from the facial artery.

Both the maxillary and facial artery are from the external carotid artery.
What artery supplies the alar region of the nose?: Lateral nasal branch of the facial artery(from external carotid).
What is the only region of the nasal cavity supplied by the internal carotid? Is this supply exclusive?: Nasal septum and lateral wall. External carotid also supplies this region.
What is the site of most nosebleeds? What arteries anastomose here?: Kiesselbach's area

Anterior ethmoidal, Sphenopalatine, greater palatine, septal branch of labial arteries.
What nerve provides olfaction?: Olfactory nerve (CN I)
Where does the nasal cavity receive general sensation from?: Trigeminal (CN V)
What autonomic functions occur in the nasal cavity? - indicate sympathetic or parasympathetic as well.: Glandular secretion - parasympathetic
vasoconstriction - sympathetic
What covers the superior aspect of the nasal septum? What type of receptors are located within this?: Olfactory mucosa.

bipolar neurons with bulbous endings on the dendrites that act as chemoreceptors.
Where are the cell bodies for general sensation of the nasal cavity located? What nerves supply the cavity?: Trigeminal ganglion

Anterior ethmoidal nerve (branch of nasociliary of opthalmic)

Posterolateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves (branches of maxillary division)

Nasal branches of anterior superior alveolar and infraorbital nerves (branches of maxillary division)
Where does the nasal cavity gets its parasympathetic innervation?: preganglionic neuron in superior salivatory nucleus of VII,
postganglionic neuron in pterygopalatine ganglion
Where does the nasal cavity get its sympathetic innervation? Be Very specific.: Cell body of preganglionic neuron in intermediolateral cell column of upper thoracic spinal cord,
Cell body of postganglionic neuron in superior cervical ganglion.
Which is the largest paranasal sinus?: Maxillary
Exposure of what sinus should be considred when extracting molars and possibly premolars?: Maxillary
Where does the maxillary sinus receive innervation? What dental pain might sinus pressure cause?: anderior, middle, posterior superior alveolar nerves of V2. pulpal pain because the posterior teeth are supplied by the same nerves.
What is located superior to the maxillary sinus?: orbit
What is located posterior to the maxillary sinus?: pterygopalatine fossa
What is located medial to the maxillary sinus?: nasal cavity
What is located inferior to the maxillary sinus?: oral cavity
Why is drainage of the maxillary sinus difficult?: The opening is located on a superior position of the medial wall. Sinus will fill to the opening before it can drain.
How do the concha warm the air?: The mucous membrane contains a cavernous plexus (series of vascular channels) that exchanges heat with inspired air.
What is the lateral border of the vestibule of the nasal cavity? What is the junction between the nasal cavity and vestibule called?: The greater alar cartilage.

limen nasi seperates the vestibule from the nasal cavity. this is where the nose hairs stop.
What structure divides inspired air between the olfactory sulcus and the atrium?: The agger nasi.
The passageway situated anterior to the agar nasi and leading upward to the olfactory region is called what?: olfactory sulcus
In which meatus is the uncinate process located?: The middle meatus
Of what bone is the uncinate process a part?: ethmoid
What is the superior boundary of the ethmoidal infundibulum? Inferior?: ethmoidal bulla;

uncintate process of the ethmoid bone.

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Number of cards 43