Psychology 101: Vision
Terms
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- Sclera
- Tissue around the eye, front forms the cornea, curvature of the cornea allows it to bend light into focus
- Pupil
- small round hole in iris; the iris is the muscle that regulates the size of the pupil
- Lens
- Focuses light because it can change shape; flattens out when looking farther away; rounds when looking closer; lens ofcuss light onto retina
- Photo receptor cells
- contain photo pigments which are chemicals that break down light which changes rate of neurotransmitter release
- Rods
- photo receptor cell; highly sensitve, allow you to see if its dim out
- Cones
- Photo receptor cell; sensitive to color
- Fovea
- At the center of your retina; contains only cones - allows you to see things sharply
- Ganglion
- Gets signals from rods and cones; causes action potential
- Optic nerve
- Exits eyeball through optic disk; nerves meet at a chiasm; info goes from thalamus to occipital lobes
- Optic ataxias
- loss of coordination; identify an object but not pick it up
- Optic Agnosia
- Cannot recognize objects
- Binocular depth cues
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Convergence: object gets closer, eyes turn inward
Binocular disparity: each retina has a different image - Monocular depth cues
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(1) Texture gradiant: when objects are closer together, they are further away
(2) Atmospheric perspective: when things are more blurry, they are further away
(3) Interposition: nearer objects block view of further away
(4) linear perspective: parallel lines converge - Bottom-up
- Recognition of components; learning letters by their shapes
- Top-down
- whole to pieces
- Proximity
- Eleements that are closer together are associated
- Closure
- Fill in the areas
- Similarity
- colors are grouped together
- simplicity
- make figures as simple as possible