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Info Systems

Terms

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Hardware and software used to process information for organizations
Information Technology
Relationship of the IT components used to produce, store, share, and distribute information for use by the people affiliated with the organization.
Information System
An entity consisting of related parts that is not influenced by outside forces
Closed System
An entity consiting of related parts that is influenced by outside forces called external environment.
Open System
The conversion of date into information for use by the members of an organization to serve its guests or customers
Management Information Systems
Network configurations that permits data input and exchange by end users as well as information specialists
client/server architecture
Individuals who use computer for work or play
end users
small, self contained computers that include desktops, laptops, and PDAs
microcomputers
the largest category of computer; uses mostly for data storage and large-volume transactions
mainframe computer
midsize computers used as network servers and as workstations to perform specialized high-powered functions
midrange computers
highly specialized midrange computers used for high-power functinos such as CAD, CAM, and computer animation applications
workstation
a silicon chip that converts data into information
processor
templates linked to the operating system of the computer that provide point-and-click navigation to access the machine's applications and utilities
graphical user interface (GUIs)
hardware components that are attached to computers
peripherals
personal computers with limited internal components designed to exclusively for using the internet
Network computers
instruments used to enter data into a computer, such as a keyboard
input devices
the collection of boards, chips, and cards that process information
CPU
a unit that displays processed information
output device
drives on a personal computer that have the ability to write data onto a compact disk
write once, read many (WORM)
permanently stored memory that handles the machine functions of a computer
read only memory (ROM)
temporarily stored memory that operates application programs
Random Access Memory (RAM)
used to convert communication signals from digital to analog back to digital
modem (modulator/demodulator)
the term used to describe the code that permits a computer to perform a number of functions required by the end user
computer software
programmed instruction for performing computer functions
code
individuals who write code for computer instructions using program language
computer programmers
software packages designed to perform functions required by end users
application programs
bundled packages consisting of various software applications
software suites
a high-level programming language that universally recognizes all data fields
object-oriented programming (OOP)
a program for users to interrogate a database to extract useful information
Standard query language (SQL)
a group of individual databases that are linked together
database management system (DBMS)
the executive level individual responsible for information technology and information systems in an organization
chief information officer (CIO)
individuals who attempt to gain unathorized entry into databases, often for destructive purposes
computer hackers
software that is available to the public at no charge
freeware
software that manages computer resources, files, applications, and tasks
operating system
several terminals that are linked together form a common purpose
computer network
a database that is accessed over a network to more than one user
distributed database
a centralizing group of databases
data warehouse
the range of frequency for the transmission of data
bandwidth
volume of data transmitted through a telecommunication channel to determine the speed of the medium
bits per second (BPS)
a channel with transmission speeds in excess of 256,000 BPS
broadband
a private communication channel for employees to access an organizations network; resembles teh internet
intranet
a private communication channel for corporate outsiders such as guests, vendors, and other customers to access an organization's limited network areas; has a configuration that resembles the internet
extranet
permits access to private network areas by individuals who are employed or otherwise affiliated with a hospitality organization
intranet
permits access to private areas of hopsitality organization's network for individuals who are not employed or company afiiliates
extranet
link information technologies with information systems to support enterprise transactions and interactions
Management Information Systems (MIS)
the management of the pricing, placing, and promotion of products and services provided by a specific hospitality enterprise
marketing
a location on a telecommunications network for access by all the members of a special interest group
portal
points of access for e-commerce and users, including customers, employees, and business affiliates
front end
contains interfaced components designed to provide e-commerce services to end users
back end
computer communications processor that filters all network traffic to provide a safe transfer point for access into a network and transmission to other networks
firewall
a code used to generate web pages
hypertext markup language (HTML)
processors that perform reasoning based on inferences and incomplete data in response to SQL inquiries
fuzzy logic
computer-simulated reality based on multisensory input and output devices to create undetected simulated environments
virtual reality
knowledge based systems that has expertise in single discipline. users ask questions and ES provides solutions
expert systems
comp. system that contains a range of interfaces that include lans, mans, wans w/ capacity for global telecommunication connections
central reservation system
future direction of the company
vision statement
current purpose of the organization
mission statement
action plans for long term objectives
strategies
targets for performance in organization
goals

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