Info Systems
Terms
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- Hardware and software used to process information for organizations
- Information Technology
- Relationship of the IT components used to produce, store, share, and distribute information for use by the people affiliated with the organization.
- Information System
- An entity consisting of related parts that is not influenced by outside forces
- Closed System
- An entity consiting of related parts that is influenced by outside forces called external environment.
- Open System
- The conversion of date into information for use by the members of an organization to serve its guests or customers
- Management Information Systems
- Network configurations that permits data input and exchange by end users as well as information specialists
- client/server architecture
- Individuals who use computer for work or play
- end users
- small, self contained computers that include desktops, laptops, and PDAs
- microcomputers
- the largest category of computer; uses mostly for data storage and large-volume transactions
- mainframe computer
- midsize computers used as network servers and as workstations to perform specialized high-powered functions
- midrange computers
- highly specialized midrange computers used for high-power functinos such as CAD, CAM, and computer animation applications
- workstation
- a silicon chip that converts data into information
- processor
- templates linked to the operating system of the computer that provide point-and-click navigation to access the machine's applications and utilities
- graphical user interface (GUIs)
- hardware components that are attached to computers
- peripherals
- personal computers with limited internal components designed to exclusively for using the internet
- Network computers
- instruments used to enter data into a computer, such as a keyboard
- input devices
- the collection of boards, chips, and cards that process information
- CPU
- a unit that displays processed information
- output device
- drives on a personal computer that have the ability to write data onto a compact disk
- write once, read many (WORM)
- permanently stored memory that handles the machine functions of a computer
- read only memory (ROM)
- temporarily stored memory that operates application programs
- Random Access Memory (RAM)
- used to convert communication signals from digital to analog back to digital
- modem (modulator/demodulator)
- the term used to describe the code that permits a computer to perform a number of functions required by the end user
- computer software
- programmed instruction for performing computer functions
- code
- individuals who write code for computer instructions using program language
- computer programmers
- software packages designed to perform functions required by end users
- application programs
- bundled packages consisting of various software applications
- software suites
- a high-level programming language that universally recognizes all data fields
- object-oriented programming (OOP)
- a program for users to interrogate a database to extract useful information
- Standard query language (SQL)
- a group of individual databases that are linked together
- database management system (DBMS)
- the executive level individual responsible for information technology and information systems in an organization
- chief information officer (CIO)
- individuals who attempt to gain unathorized entry into databases, often for destructive purposes
- computer hackers
- software that is available to the public at no charge
- freeware
- software that manages computer resources, files, applications, and tasks
- operating system
- several terminals that are linked together form a common purpose
- computer network
- a database that is accessed over a network to more than one user
- distributed database
- a centralizing group of databases
- data warehouse
- the range of frequency for the transmission of data
- bandwidth
- volume of data transmitted through a telecommunication channel to determine the speed of the medium
- bits per second (BPS)
- a channel with transmission speeds in excess of 256,000 BPS
- broadband
- a private communication channel for employees to access an organizations network; resembles teh internet
- intranet
- a private communication channel for corporate outsiders such as guests, vendors, and other customers to access an organization's limited network areas; has a configuration that resembles the internet
- extranet
- permits access to private network areas by individuals who are employed or otherwise affiliated with a hospitality organization
- intranet
- permits access to private areas of hopsitality organization's network for individuals who are not employed or company afiiliates
- extranet
- link information technologies with information systems to support enterprise transactions and interactions
- Management Information Systems (MIS)
- the management of the pricing, placing, and promotion of products and services provided by a specific hospitality enterprise
- marketing
- a location on a telecommunications network for access by all the members of a special interest group
- portal
- points of access for e-commerce and users, including customers, employees, and business affiliates
- front end
- contains interfaced components designed to provide e-commerce services to end users
- back end
- computer communications processor that filters all network traffic to provide a safe transfer point for access into a network and transmission to other networks
- firewall
- a code used to generate web pages
- hypertext markup language (HTML)
- processors that perform reasoning based on inferences and incomplete data in response to SQL inquiries
- fuzzy logic
- computer-simulated reality based on multisensory input and output devices to create undetected simulated environments
- virtual reality
- knowledge based systems that has expertise in single discipline. users ask questions and ES provides solutions
- expert systems
- comp. system that contains a range of interfaces that include lans, mans, wans w/ capacity for global telecommunication connections
- central reservation system
- future direction of the company
- vision statement
- current purpose of the organization
- mission statement
- action plans for long term objectives
- strategies
- targets for performance in organization
- goals