Medical Terms #2
Terms
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- drug stops flow of blood within vessels
- Hemostatic
- removal of plasma from the body with separation and extraction of specific elements followed by reinfusion
- Plasmapheresis
- use of biological agents to prevent/treat disease by stimulating the body's own defense mechanism
- Immunotherapy
- transfusion of specific Blood componenets such as packed RBC's, platelets, and plasma
- Blood Component Therapy
- blood voluntarily donated by any person for transfusion to a compatable recipient
- Homologous Blood
- blood donated by and stored for a patient for future personal use
- Autologous Blood
- removal of possible cancer-carrying lymph nodes for pathological examination
- Lymph Node Dissection
- incision into lymph node
- Lymphadenotomy
- removal of a lymph node
- Lymphadenectomy
- radionuclide scans
- Positron Emission Tomography
- x-ray image of lymph node/vessel taken after injection of a contrast medium
- Lymphangiogram
- pathological examination of bone marrow tissue
- Bone Marrow Biopsy
- needle aspiration of bone marrow tissue for pathological examination
- Needle aspiration of bone marrow tissue for pathological examination
- incision into/puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing
- Venipuncture
- protein substance in blood that is essential to clotting process
- Prothrombin
- substance present in tissues, platelets, and leukocytes that's necessary to coagulation
- Thromboplastin
- noting size and shape of RBC's in background of smeared slide
- Red Cell Morphology
- bleeding disorder char. by abnormal decrease in number of platelets in blood, which impairs clotting
- Thrombocytopenia
- systemic disease caused by infection of micro-organisms and their toxins in circulating blood
- Septicemia
- increase in number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in blood
- Polycythemia
- process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to distant organs
- Metastasis
- any neoplastic disorder of lymph tissue, usually malignant, as in Hodgkin's Disease
- Lymphoma
- disorder within bone marrow characterized by proliferation of abnormal stem cells; usually devleops into specific type of leukemia
- Myelodysplasia
- hereditary disorder that results in excessive buildup of iron deposits in the body
- Hemochromatosis
- presence, or lack of antigens on surface of RBC's that may cause reaction in blood of mother and fetus resulting in fetal anemia
- Rh factor
- disorder resulting from incompatability of a fetus with Rh+ blood factor and mother who is Rh-, causing RBC destruction in the fetus
- Erythroblastosis fetalis
- macrocytic-normochromic type of anemia char. by inadequate supply of vitamin B12
- Pernicious Anemia
- microcytic-hypochromic type of anemia char. by lack of iron
- Iron-Deficiency Anemia
- normocytic-normochromic type anemia char. by failure of bone marrow to produce RBC's
- Aplastic Anemia
- process of disease protection induced by exposure to antigens
- Immunity
- presence of small RBC's
- microcytosis
- presence of large RBC's
- macrocytosis
- presence of RBC's of unequal size
- anisocytosis
- presence of large, irregularly shaped RBC's
- poikilocytosis
- increase of immature erythrocytes in blood
- Reticulocytosis
- abnormally reduced number of RBC's
- Erythropenia
- abnormally reduced number of lymphocytes
- Lymphocytopenia
- decrease in number of neutrophils
- Neutropenia
- inpaired immunological defenses caused by and immunodeficiency disorder or therapy with immunosuppressive agents
- Immunocompromised
- impaired ability to provide immune response
- Immunosuppression
- presence of enlarged (diseased) lymph nodes
- Lymphadenopathy
- enlargement of spleen
- Splenomegaly
- condition in which there is a reduction in number of RBC's, amount of hemoglobin, or volume of RBC's in blood
- Anemia
- germ; bud
- Blasto
- juice
- Chylo
- form
- Morpho
- formation
- Plaso
- a net
- Reticulo
- another term for neutrophil, named for the many segments present in its nucleus
- Polymorphonuclear
- an immature neutrophil
- Band
- granular leukocyte named for rose-colored stain of its granules, that increases with allergy
- Eosinophil
- granular leukocyte, named for the dark stain of its granules that brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues
- Basophil
- group of leukocytes without granules in their nucleus
- Agranulocytes
- a granulocyte leukocyte active in process of immunity
- Lymphocyte
- granulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis to fight infection
- Monocyte
- thrombocytes; cell fragments in blood essential for clotting
- Platelets
- white, pale yellow substance of lymph that contains fatty substances absorbed by lacteals
- Chyle
- recieves lymph from upper-right part of body
- Right Lyphatic Duct
- protein antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes that protect the body from invasion of foreign pathogens
- Immunoglobulins
- gradual deterioration of normal cells and body functions
- Degeneration
- any disease where ther is deterioration of structure or function of tissue
- Degenerative Disease
- determination of the presence of disease based on evvaluation of symptoms, signs and test findings
- Diagnosis
- cause of disease
- Etiology
- increase in severity of disease with aggravation of symptoms
- Exacerbation
- large; visible to the naked eye
- Gross
- condition occurring without a clearly identified cause
- Idiopathic
- feeling of unwellness, often first indication of illness
- Malaise
- vague; questionable
- Equivocal
- sick; a state of disease
- Morbidity
- advance of a condition as signs and symptoms increase in severity
- Progressive
- process, measure that prevents disease
- Prophylaxis
- disorder/condition after and usually resulting from a previous disease/injury
- Sequela
- running together; combo of symptoms and signs that give a distinct clinical picture indicating a particular condition/disease
- Syndrome
- not involved in bringing on the condition/result
- Noncontributory
- not significant or worthy of noting
- Unremarkable
- to secrete
- Crino
- small intestine
- Entero
- sensation
- Esthesio
- nerve
- Neuro
- midwife
- Obstetro
- tumor
- Onco
- eye
- Opthalmo/Opto
- ear
- Oto