Neurosciences 1.9 -- Gross Anatomy of the Brain
Terms
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- superior transverse temporal gyri
- two parallel gyri running transversely on the superior aspect of the temporal lobe; primary auditory cortex
- broca's speech area
- triangularis + opercularis
- inferior frontal gyrus
- pars orbitalis, triangularis, and opercularis
- precentral gyrus
- vertical gyrus in front of central sulcus, caudal to frontal lobe; primary motor cortex
- postcentral gyrus
- primary somatosensory cortex
- telecephalon
-
cerebrum (cerebral cortex, subcortical white matter, basal ganglia)
cavity: lateral ventricles - diencephalon
-
thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus (pineal gland)
cavity: third ventricle - mesencephalon
-
tectum (superior and inferior colliculi), tegmentum (red nucleus, substantia nigra)
cavity: cerebral aqueduct - metencephalon
-
pons, cerebellum
cavity: rostral 4th ventricle - myelencephalon
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medulla
cavity: caudal 4th ventricle - lateral sulcus ends at what caudally?
- within the U of the supramarginal gyrus
- what is the primary auditory cortex?
- the superior transverse temporal gyri of Hescle
- where are the lower limbs represented?
- paracentral gyrus
- what important sulcus intersects the calcarine fissure?
- the parieto-occipital sulcus; the calcarine fissure keeps going
- what gyri constitute the primary visual cortex?
- the cuneus and the lingual gyri
- where is the head of the caudate nucleus located?
- rostrally inside the lateral ventricle
- what connects the third ventricle to the lateral ventricle?
- the interventricular foramen of Monroe
- what is the largest cistern of the subarachnoid space?
- the cisterna magna, continuous with the 4th ventricle
- what is the caudalmost part of the thalamus?
- the pulvinar
- where is the pineal gland located?
- right underneath the splenium of the corpus callosum
- what are the lobes of the cerebellum?
- anterior, posterior, and flocculo-nodular
- what fissure separates the huge posterior lobe of the cerebellum from the nodule?
- the posterolateral (prenodular) fissure
- what is the uvula part of?
- part of the posterior (cerebellar) lobe vermis
- what does the middle cerebellar peducle connect?
- the pons and the cerebellum
- what is the caudal limit of the midbrain
- just beneath the inferior colliculus -- trochlear Ns are here!!
-
corpora quadrigemina
- aka
- definition -
superior / inferior colliculi
four paired elevations on the dorsal aspect of the midbrain concerned with visual/visuomotor and auditory functions - precentral gyrus fxn
- primary motor cortex
- superior transverse temporal gyri (of Hescle) fxn
- primary auditory cortex
- what does the collateral sulcus separate?
- separates the occipitotemporal and parahippocampal gyri
- what does the parahippocampal gyrus overlie?
- the hippocampus
- tuber cinereum
- elevation on the ventral aspect of the hypothalamus (contains median eminence)
- massa intermedia
- interthalamic adhesion
- medial geniculate body
- auditory relay nucleus on caudal end of thalamus
- lateral geniculate body
- visual relay nucleus on caudal end of thalamus (optic tract ends here)
- superior colliculi fxn
- involved in orientation; visual reflexive turning movements of head and neck
- inferior colliculus fxn
- auditory relay nucleus
- tectum of midbrain
- above aqueduct, contains superior and inferior colliculi
- tegmentum of midbrain
- below aqueduct, contains red nucleus, midbrain reticular formation and substantia nigra