Behavioral Neuroscience 2
Terms
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- Studies the links among the brain, nervous system, and behavior
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- The role of biology in a person's development
- Nature
- The role of the environment in a person's development
- Nurture
- Specialized cells that receive information from the environment
- Receptor Transducer cells
- Translate the nerve signals into something that has an outward effect
- Effector Transducer cells
- There are about 100 billion in a human
- Neuron
- A bundle of neurons axons running together
- Nerve
- Make up 90% of the brain
- Glial cells
- Carry information from the senses to the brain
- Sensory nerves
- Today, most pychologists believe what about the nature/nurture controversy?
- It is a combonation of the 2 that shapes a person.
- How have the roles of nature and nurture been studied?
- Studies of identical twins compared to fraternal twins
- What are the receptors for vision?
- Rods and Cones
- What are the receptors for hearing?
- Hair Cells
- What are 2 examples of sensory nerves?
- Optic Nerves and Auditory Nerves
- What are glial cells?
- nervous system cells that provide structural support, insulation, and nutrients to the neurons
- receives incoming messages
- dendrite
- where the information is combined
- Axon hillock
- Carries outgoing message from soma to synapse
- Axon
- Messages being sent from one neuron to another must pass through here
- Synaptic cleft
- Small sacs in the axon terminal
- Vesicles
- Chemical messenger between neurons
- Neurotransmitter
- Insulates the axon and speeds the action potential
- Myelin sheath
- Occurs when the axon is said to depolarize
- Action potential
- Indoming messages can be either __________ meaning... or _________ meaning...
- excitatory meaning they tell the cell to send its own message OR inhibitory meaning they tell the cell NOT to send its own message
- True OR False: Once the action potential is fired, it travels down the axon at varying sizes.
- False
- The central nervous system is composed of what 2 things?
- brain and spinal cord
- The hindbrain is composed of what 4 things?
-
medulla
pons
reticular formation
cerebellum - In what order did the structures of the central nervous system evolve?
- lower, middle, then cerebral cortex