Immunizations and Communicable disease
Terms
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What is the incubication period for Measles?
When is it contagious?
What are the transmission based
precautions? -
Incubation period is 10-21 days.
It is contagious from the fifth incubation day until first few days after rash erupts.
Droplet precautions should be used. - What are the signs and symptoms of Measles?
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Occurs in winter or spring
Runny nose
High fever
Cough
Enlarged lymph nodes in head and neck.
KOPLIKS Spots (buccal membrane)
Eye irritation and photophobia
Maculopapular Rash - What are the treatments and nursing interventions for Measles?
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Soothing measures for rash.
Darkened room.
Secondary infections possible.
Complications include Otitis Media, Encephalitis,
airway obstruction -
What Vaccine is given for Measles?
When should it be given?
When should it NOT be given? -
MMR Vaccine.
12-15 months; 4-6 years
Severe allergic reaction or gelatin allergy, pregnancy, known severe immunodifficiency - What are some general contraindications for receiving vaccines?
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Severe allergic reaction to previous vaccine or to one of its components.
Moderate to severe illness at time vaccine is scheduled. -
What is the incubation period for rubella?
When is it contagious? -
14-21 days
5-7 days before until about 5 days after rash appears. -
What is the incubation period for mumps?
When is it contagious? -
14-21 days
Shortly befor swelling appears until after it dissappears. - What are the S/S of rubella?
- low grade fever, malaise, joint pain, pale small rash, dissappears in 3 days
- what are the complications of rubella?
- severe birth defects are possible for child of mother exposed while pregnant.
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What is the incubation period for chicken pox?
When is it contagious? -
14-21 days
From about 1 day before rash appears until all vesicles have crusted over. -
What is the inc. period for pertussis?
When is it contagious? -
5-21 days
4-6 weeks; (direct or indirect contact and droplet precautions) - What are the S/S of pertussis?
- begins with mild upper respiratory symptoms and in a few weeks progresses to severe paroxysmal cough with inspiratory whoop sometimes followed by vomiting; esp. dangerous for young infants; may last for 4-6 weeks
- When should the DTaP be given?
- 2mo, 4mo, 6mo, 12-18mo, 4-6 years
- When should IPV be given?2mo, 4mo, 6-18mo, 4-6 years
- 2mo, 4mo, 6-18mo, 4-6 years
- Which vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy?
- IPV, MMR, HEP A, Varicella
- What should the nurse document for all immunizations given?
- Date and time of immunization; manufacturer; Exp. Date; Lot #; Name, address, and place where received; Name and title of person giving; signature of person giving consent