Biology Unit 1
Terms
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- Cytoskeleton: comprised of and its function
- - microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate fibers - give the cell its shape and anchor organelles. Also, function in cell maintainance and aid in intracellular transport.
- unique to animal cells
- centrioles
- unique to plant cells
- cell wall and chloroplats
- cell membrane
- regulates the passage of materials into/out of cell.
- nucleolus
- dense structure in nucleus where RNA synthesis occurs
- ribosomes
- sites of protein production and are synthesized by the nucleolus
- free vs. bound ribosomes
- free - found in the cytoplasm bound- found lining the outer membrane of the Endoplasmic reticulum.
- Smooth ER
- doesnt have robosomes lining it - involved in lipid synthesis and the detoxification of drugs and poisons
- Rough ER
- has ribosomes lining it - is involved in protein synthesis.
- golgi apparatus
- recieves visicles and their contents from the smooth ER and modifies and repackages/distributes them.
- lysosomes
- involved in intracellular digestion - can be used for suicide (autolysis)
- 2 types of microbodies and what a microbody is
- peroxisomes and glyoxysomes - microbodies are membrane-bound organelles that are sites of catalytic reactions.
- peroxisomes
- catalyze the production of the hydrogen peroxide, break down fats in to fuel, and also detoxify liver (alcohol)
- glyoxysomes
- usually found in fat tissue of germanating seedlings. convert fats into sugars until the plant can do this on its own thru photosynthesis.
- what do mitochondria and chloroplasts have in commone?
- both have their own DNA and ribosomes and exhibit semiautonomy (self replicate)