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Terms
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- concerto
- multi-movement work requiring a soloist and an orchestra
- word painting
- in which the direction and speed of the notes is determined by the meaning of the words being sung
- cantata
- German multi-movement church composition of the 18th century, incorporating pre-existing hymn-tunes, associated with Bach
- rondo
- musical form of ABACADA
- mellismatic
- many notes per syllable
- cadenza
- an extended solo section, often found at the end of a concerto movement
- monophonic
- a musical texture consisting of a single melodic line
- motive
- a short melodic fragment of just a few notes, often used to build an entire musical movement
- organum
- a type of piece in which the notes of a pre-existing chant melody are sounded very slowly, and a newly composed tune is added on top
- troubador
- noble-born traveling musicians of the 13th century
- timbre
- how we can tell one instrument by another
- recitative
- part of an opera with little music but much text
- Renaissance 4-voice polyphony composer
- Palestrina
- "red priest"-- wrote concertos for orphanage in Venice
- Vivaldi
- sometimes incorporated secret number-symbolism in his compositions
- Bach
- Counter-reformation composer
- Palestrina
- his music likely heard by Shakespeare
- Weelkes
- an incredible child prodigy
- Mozart
- oratorio
- written in English, deals with Biblical myths, unstaged, more chorus, for the masses instead of elite
- standard form of Sonata Allegro
- 1st theme, 2nd theme, repeat | development, recapitulation, possible coda
- total art work
- Gesamptkunstwerk (Wagner)
- study, practice piece
- Etude (Chopin or Lizst)
- tune associated with "her" in Symphonie Fantastique
- Idee Fixae
- rapid floral vocal writing
- coloratura (Verdi)
- Wagner's brief melody assoicated with a person, thing or idea in an opera
- leitmotif
- Polish dance, similar to a waltz
- mazurka (Chopin)
- Schubert's simple songs consisting of one singer and piano
- Lieder
- movement for the reunification of Italy
- risorgimento (Verdi)
- name of group of Russian composers in mid 1870s
- kuchka (Mussorgsky)
- performer highly skilled to an extreme degree
- virtuoso (Liszt0
- series of 4 long opera pieces dealing with dragons, giants, dwarves, gods and heroes
- Ring of the Niebelungen (Wagner)
- specific symphony from the early 1800s that describes nature
- Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony
- suite of pieces depicting a number of different paintings
- Mussorgsky's "Pictures at an Exhibition"
- Italian operas from the 1890s with highly charged dramatic plots and "realism"
-
verismo
(Puccini) - Italian opera composer, worked for many years at La Scala opera house in Milan
- Verdi
- piano virtuoso, born in Hungary, invented the piano recital
- Liszt
- manic-depressive composer with alter-egos Florestan and Eusebius
- Schumann
- Czech composer, directed the American Conservatory of Music in NY City
- Dvorak
- Russian composer, alcoholic, sought to capture the rhythm of spoken Russian in his music
- Verdak
- wrote 600 Lieder, died at age 31
- Schubert
- had an opera house constructed at Bayreuth for his music
- Wagner
- a "Classic Romantic," his music pays homage to Bach, Mozart and Beethoven
- Brahms
- wrote the Heiligenstadt Testament
- Beethoven
- his bad "drug trip" inspired some fantastic music visions
- Berlioz
- ethnomusicology
- discipline of studying folk songs (Bartok)