patho test 3
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- What is meant by the plasma concentration term mg%
- how many mg in 100 ml
- two factors are most critical to h2o balance across a cell's membrane?
- blood pressure and plasma protein
- awareness of phrase and nod of agreement
- primary auditory area, primary motor area, general interpretive area
- two neural activities are most related to the limbic system?
- psychosomatic dysfunction, memory filling/fixation
- three neural activities are functions of medulla oblongata?
- swallowing reflexes, respiratory rhythm, memory filling/fixation
- two neural activities are primarily function of thalamus?
- sensory relay, memory retrieval
- two neural areas are targets for destruction/damage in a person with Parkinson's disease/syndrome?
- basal ganglia, substantia nigra
- Which neural area is most likely damages/malfunctioning in people with with myasthenia gravis?
- neuromuscular junctions
- Which two neural areas are most likely malfunctioning in people suffering from epilepsy?
- reticular activating system, cerebral cortex
- Which three features are characteristic of Duchenne's muscular dystropy?
- X-linked, missing/defective genetic material, childhood onset
- 1 mMol = 1 mEq
- cholesterol and glucose
- 1mMol = 3 mOsm
- CaCl2, FeCl2, ZnCl2
- three factors most critical to water balance between cell fluid and tissue fluid compartments?
- sodium, potassium, Na-K pump
- three of the following do not freely filter from blood into renal nephrons?
- antibody, basophil, clot factor VIII
- three renal components are most critical to the bulk of a nephrons active reabsorption of chemicals?
- proximal tubule, peritubular capillaries, carrier proteins
- two factors determine the renal tubular load for a chemical?
- glomerular filtration rate, its plasma concentration
- three substances are continually recycled by the loop of Henle to create high osmotic pressure required for ADH action
- sodium, urea, chloride
- Which two activiities occur mostly in the nephron's distal tubule?
- acid secretion, aldosterone action
- Two major signs of early GN?
- hematuria, proteinuria
- nerve fibers controlling muscles used to clench your teeth in annoyance over vaguely written questions?
- axons, dendrites
- 4 things to be annoyed and understand outburst?
- primary auditory area, thalamus, general interpretative area, primary motor area
- 3 neural activities are primary functions of the medulla oblongata?
- blood pressure regulation, swallowing reflex, respiratory rhythm
- 3 neural activities are primary functions of they hypothalmus?
- hunger/thirst sensations, pituitary control, psychosomatic disturbance
- two neural areas are targets for destruction/damage in a person with focal or generalized epilepsy?
- cerebral cortex, reticular activating system
- two neural areas are most likely damaged/malfunctioning in people with Parkinsn's disease?
- substantia nigra, basal ganglia
- which neural area is damaged/malfunctioning in a person with multiple sclerois?
- myelin sheath
- neural area is damaged/malfunctioning in a person with myasthenia gravis?
- neuromuscular junctions
- which 3 features are char. of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy?
- X-linked genetic, missing/defective genetic material, childhood onset
- Which two areas are most critical to a person's memory functions?
- hippocampus and thalamus
- Explain why the renal mechanism for acid-base reg. is more efficient than the resp. reg or blood pH
- renal mech. controls bicarb seperately from H+, respiratory does both simulataneously
- explain why its sig. that GFR normally does not flucturate as a persons BP changs
- BP to low, and filtration dropped then toxicity would happen if BP to high, then filtration would put too much into urine (low glucose)
- S/S of chronic renal failure
- low levels solutes, polyuria, nocturia
- S/S of end -stage renal failure
- hyper electrolyes, BP, and electrolytes and wastes
- por and cons of hemodialysis
- very fast and accurate but must have a way of transp. to hosp
- pros and cons of peritoneal dialysis?
- slower results but can be done in home for the pt - allows for mobility
- specific neural reflex in terms of stimulus
- smack on patellar tendor received by muscle spindle
- specific neural reflex of receptors/detectors
- low BPis sensed by barro receptors
- specific neural reflex of CNS level of control
- spinal cord, vasomotor center is is middle of medulla oblongota
- specific neural reflex of effectors and relex response
- rectus femoris causes foot to kick out
- two neurological S/S expectes in pt with hemorrhage of basilar artery
- respiratory diff, and swallowing diff, low BP sleeplessness
- two diag S.S of Parkinsons disease
- resting tremors, bradykinesia and dyskinesia
- dermatomyotome
- diagram that shows what area of the body affected by spinal damage
- specific psychosomatic respnse that occurs in people and discuss the brain regions which interact to produce affect
- hypothalmus, sypathetic-heart related, parasymp - GI
- difficulty in drug therapy for myasthenia gravis
- inadequate drug therapy does not leave the neurotransmitters - excess drug therapy makes pt diff to brethe
- tubular load
- how much enters the tube
- transport maximum
- how fast the tubule filters substance
- explain why a particular hormone is "most active" in a particular segment of nephron
- receptor protein
- cause for pyelonephritis
- a drug is very concentrated or toxic
- S.S of hemorrage in middle cerebral artery
- hearing loss, loss of sensation
- ADH in health function
- prevents low BP, prevents excess urine from stopping heart
- etiology and pathogenesis of GN
- DM damaging to glomerules because of increased glucose
- etiology and pathogenesis of pyelonephritis
- drug toxicity
- mechanisms to maintain constant blood flow to brain
- increased or decreased BP
- mechanisms to maintain distribution of blood to different parts of brain
- arterioles based on activity level of oxygen
- S/S pattern of recurring transient ischemic attacks from cerebrovascular
- some as heart certain spots most damged leading to similar S/S in pt
- S/S of embolism
- no exception, different foreach person depends on size and local
- two S/S of hemorrhage of basilar artery
- uncontrolled BP, inability to swallow
- two diagnostic S/S of multiple sclerosis
- weaknes, clumbsiness