A&P Chp1
Terms
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- Palpation?
- Examiners feels the body surfaces with hands.
- What is intracellular fluid?
- Fluid that is within cells.
- Six most important life processes of the human body.
- Metabolism,responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction.
- What does the integumentary system consist of?
- Skin,hair, and nails. The integumentary system protects all other body systems, including the skeletal system.
- Percussion?
- Examiner taps on the body surface with fingertips and listens to the resulting echo.
- What is blood plasma?
- Is the ECF that is within blood vessels.
- What does the skin do?
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Skin serves as a barrier between the outside environment and internal tissues and organs.
Skin produces vitamin D, which is needed for proper deposition of calcium and other minerals into bone. - What is extracellular fluid?
- Fluid found outside body cells.
- Auscultation?
- Examiner listens to body sounds. Primarily through a stethocsope.
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What is lymph?
What is the Cerebrospinal fluid?
What is the synovial fluid?
What is the aqueous humor and vitreous body? -
ECF that is within the lymphatic vessls.
ECF around the brain and spinal cord.
EcF that are in joints.
ECF that are in the eyes. - Skeletal system? What does it do and serve?
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Skeletal system provides support for the integumentary system.
Skeletal system serves as a reservoir for calcium, storing calcium in times of plenty and releasing it for other tissues in times of need. Futhermore, red bone marrow is found in some bone, which generates white blood cells, that helps keep the skin resist invasion by disease-causing organisms. -
Organ Level:
What is the structure of an organ? - Organs are structures composed of two or more different types of tissues; They have specific functions and usually have reconizable shapes.
- Example of percussion.
- Percussion may reveal the abnormal presence of fluid in the lungs or air in the intestines. It may also provide information about the size, consistency, and position of an underlying structure.
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Organismal Level:
Is this the largest or smalles level? What is an organism? -
Largest.
Organism is any living individual. - Example of Auscultation.
- Auscultation of the lungs during breathing to check for crackling sounds associated with abnormal fluid accumulation in the lungs.
- What is homeostatsis?
- a Condition of equilibrium in the body's internal environment produced by the interplay of all the body's regulatory processes.
- Example of Palpation.
- Palpating an artery to find the pulse and measure the heart rate.
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Tissue Level:
What is tissue? - Tissues are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function.
- Metabolism?
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Sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body.
- Celluar level: what is found in the cell level and what is it's meaning?
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Cells-molecules combined form cells.
Cells is the basic structural and functional units of an organism.
- Reponsiveness?
- Is the body's ability to detect and respond to changes in its internal or external environment.
- What are some characteristics of the living human organism?
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Organisms carry on certain process tht distinguish them from non-living.
Most important life processes of the human body are metabolism, responsiveness,movement, growth,differentiation, and reproduction. - Example of movement.
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The coordinated action of leg muscles moves your whole body from one place to another when you walk or run.
Body tissue that has been infected or damaged, certain white blood cells move from the blood into the affected tissue to help clea up and repair the area. - Example of a system.
- Digestive system, which breaks down and absorbs food. Organs include: mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestin, liver, gallbladder and pancreas.
- What is the metabolic process?
- oxygen taken in by respiratory system and nutrients broken down in the digestive system provide the chemical energy to power cellular activities.
- What are the 4 basic types of tissue?
- Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Nerve impulses?
Muscle Cells? -
nerve cells respond by generating electrical signals.
muscle cells respond by contracting, which generates force to move body parts. - Chemical Level what does it include and what it includes, whats the names and what is the meaning?
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Atoms-smallest unit of matter that participate in chemical reactions.
Molecules-two or more atoms joined together. - Metabolism also includes.
- Breaking down large, complex molecules into smaller, simpler ones and using the resulting building blocks to assemble the body's structural components.
- What are some examples of organs?
- Liver, heart, kidneys, brain....
- Example of Internal and external environment.
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Internal-a decrease in body temperature
External-turning your head toward the sound of squealing brakes. -
System level:
What is a system? - System consists of related organs that have a common function.
- Metabolism has two phases. What are they and what do they do?
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catabolism-breaking down of complex chemical substances into simpler ones.
Anabolism-building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler ones.
- What is interstitial fluid?
- The ECF that fills the narrow spaces between cells of tissues.
- Example of Metabolism.
- Digestive processes split proteins in food into amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Amino acids then are used to build new proteins that make up body structures such as muscles and bones.
- What are body fluids?
- Body fluids are dilute, watery solutions.
- Movement?
- motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny structures inside cells.
- Specialization cells example.
- Red blood cells and several types of white blood cells differentiate from the same unspecialized ancestor cells in red bone marrow.
- What is differentiation?
- Process a cell undergoes to develop from an unspecialized to a specialized state.
- What does Anatomy mean?
- Science of body structures and relationships among structures.
- Example of growth
- In a growing bone, mineral deposits accumulate around the bone cells, causing the bone to enlarge in length and width.
- What is autopsy?
- postmortem (after death) examination of the body and dissection of its internal organs to confirm or determine the cause of death.
- Ancestor Cells?
- Ancestor cells, can divide and give rise to progrny that undergo differentiation are called stem cells.
- Reason for autopsy.
- An autopsy can uncover the existence of disease not detected during life, determine the extent of injuries, and explain how those injuries may have contributed to a person's death. It may also provide information about a disease, assist in the accumulation of statistical data, and educate healthcare students. It can also reveal conditions that may affect offspring or siblings.
- What is reproduction?
- Formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement or to the production of a new individual.
- Specialization cells
- They differ in structure and function from the ancestor cells that gave rise to them.
- What is growth?
- Increase in body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells.
- Example of stem cells.
- Fertized egg (ovum) develops into an embryo, and then into a fetus, an infant, a child, and finally an adult.
- What does Physiology mean?
- Science of body functions-how the body parts work.