Medical 4-MS56-Assess GI Terms
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- lumen?
- inner wall of the GI tract
- mucosa?
- innermost layer of lumen; includes layer of smooth muscle and exocrine gland cells
- chyme?
- liquid formed from broken down food
- absorption?
- movement of nutrients from lumen to circulatory system
- mastication?
- chewing
- pharynx?
- throat
- upper esophageal sphincter (UES)?
- sphincter at upper end of the esophagus; prevents air from entering during breathing
- lower esophageal sphincter (LES)?
- sphincter at lower end of the esophagus; prevents reflux of gastric contents
- Kupffer cells?
- liver cells which engulf harmful bacteria and anemic red blood cells
- bile?
- chemical responsible for emulsification of fat
- sphincter of Oddi?
- sphincter controlling flow of bile into small intestine
- anorexia?
- loss of appetite for food
- dyspepsia?
- indigestion or heartburn
- Cullen's sign?
- presence of ecchymosis around the umbilicus; indication of intra-abdominal bleeding
- borborygmus?
- bowel hypermotility
- bruits?
- "swooshing" sounds
- percussion notes?
- sounds in the abdomen; classified as tympanic or dull
- tympanic?
- high-pitched, loud sound of an air-filled intestine
- dull?
- medium-pitched, softer, thudlike sound over a solid organ
- hepatomegaly?
- liver enlargement
- splenomegaly?
- enlargement of the spleen
- Blumberg's sign?
- rebound tenderness in areas of the abdomen
- aspartate aminotransferase (AST)?
- enzyme found in liver
- alanine aminotransferase (ALT)?
- enzyme found in liver
- amylase?
- enzyme manufactured in pancreas
- lipase?
- enzyme manufactured in pancreas
- bilirubin?
- primary pigment in bile
- oncofetal antigens?
- evaluate to diagnose and monitor the success of cancer therapy and assess for recurrence of cancer in the GI tract
- fecal occult blood test?
- measures the presence of blood in stool from GI bleeding
- upper GI radiographic series?
- x-ray visualization from oral part of the pharynx to the duodenojejunal junction
- barium enema?
- radiographic visualization of the large intestine
- lower GI series?
- radiographic visualization of the large intestine
- volvulus?
- bowel obstruction form the twisting of the colon upon itself
- percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)?
- x-ray study of the biliary duct system
- endoscopy?
- direct visualization of the GI tract by means of a flexible fiberoptic endoscope
- esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?
- visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?
- visual and radiographic examination of liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas
- papillotomy?
- removal of gallstones
- enteroscopy?
- visualization of small intestine
- colonoscopy?
- endoscopic examination of the large bowel
- virtual colonoscopy?
- noninvasive use of scanner to view the colon