pharm t-3
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- What is the tx for isotonic dehydration?
- tx underlying cause, replace fluids with iso or match type of loss, monitor daily I/O, skin turgor, LOC, VS, BUN, hematocrit, Lytes
- What are the hypokalemia serum levels?
-
Mild: 3-3.5 meq/L
Modd: 2.5-3.0 meq/L
Sev: <2.5 meq/L - causes & process of hypokalemia
- excessive excretion or inadequate intake of K, transcellular shift ECF to ICF
-
tx for isotonic overhydration
and goal -
underlying cause, restrict fluids, diuretics, monitor daily: I/O, VS, CXR, BUN, hematocrit
Goal: urine excretion= 1ml/kg/hr - tx for hypokalemia
- correct underlying cause: hypomagnesemia, K supplements, K-sparing diuretic
- Hyperkalemia serum levels
-
mild: 5.5-6 meq/L
modd: 6.1-6.9
sev: >7 - hyperkalemia causes/process
- excessive amts of K intake or decrease excretion, trancellular shift ICF-ECF
- hyperkalemia presentation
- N/V/D, brady, paresthesias, cardiac arrhythmia, EKG changes, confusion
- what drugs can induce hyponatremia?
- Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Carbamazepine, Clonide, Morphine, NSAIDS, TCAs, Vasopressin
- hypernatremia definition/process
- serum >145 mEq/L, water deficit in ECF or increased Na intake, fluid shift from ICF to ECF, cellular shinkage