Pharmacology 5

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Acebutolol: Antiarrhythmic, Class II: B1 Blocker

All decrease HR and contractility

All treat Supraventricular Arr., slow AV transmission
Oral
Acetazolamide: Diuretic, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Low-efficiency, rapid tolerance
SE of Metabolic Acidosis

Limits Na/H antiporter in Proximal/Distal tubules
Adenosine: Antiarrhythmic, Class IV: Ca Channel Blocker
Purine nucleoside
Tx of Paroxysmal Supraventricular Arr.
Increases K conductance -> Hyperpolarization
HL of only 10 seconds
Amantadine: DA Releaser
Anti-viral
Amilioride: Diuretic, K-Sparing (mild)
Interfere with Na transport in Late Distal Tubule
Disrupt electrical gradient reducing K excretion
SE of hyperkalemia
Amiodarone: Antiarrhythmic, Class III: K Channel Blocker

All prolong AP, ERP (Phase 2), and Phase 3

All act upon Purkinje and Muscle fibers

Inhibits catecholamine release (causes hypotension)
Pulmonary fibrosis common SE (10%)
Benztropine: Anti-cholinergic
Symptomatic relief only, tremors
Increases intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma
Bretylium: Antiarrhythmic, Class III: K Channel Blocker

All prolong AP, ERP (Phase 2), and Phase 3
All act upon Purkinje and Muscle fibers
Inhibits catecholamine release (causes hypotension)
Bromocriptine: DA Agonist, D2 only
Bumetanide: Diuretic, Loop II (High-Ceiling)
All secreted in Proximal Tubule
All inhibit resorption by 2Cl, Na/K cotransport in Ascending loop
Most efficacious
SE of hypocalcemia and deafness
Chlorothiazide: Diuretic, Thiazide (Diuretics of choice)
Excreted in Proximal Tubule
Inhibits Na/Cl cotransporter in early Distal Tubule
Increase K excretion
SE of hypokalemia/hypercalcemia
Digitoxin: Digitalis
Both inhibit Na/K ATPase increasing intracellular Na which inhibits Na/C pump leading to increased intracellular Ca (causing increased contractility)
Both increase AV node ERP (Phase 2) and CV (Phase 0)
Metabolized in liver,
Digoxin: Digitalis
Both inhibit Na/K ATPase increasing intracellular Na which inhibits Na/C pump leading to increased intracellular Ca (causing increased contractility)
Both increase AV node ERP (Phase 2) and CV (Phase 0)
Not metabolized, HL o
Diltiazem: Antiarrhythmic, Class IV: Ca Channel Blocker

Tx of Atrial Arr., Depress AV node conduction

Vasodilator
Dispyramide: Antiarrhythmic, Class IA: Na Channel Blocker
Used when other Class IA's not tolerated
More cardiac depression, more antimuscarinic
Esmolol: Antiarrhythmic, Class II: B1 Blocker

All decrease HR and contractility

All treat Supraventricular Arr., slow AV transmission
IV or Oral
Life-threatening Ventricular Arr.
Ethacrynic Acide: Diuretic, Loop I (High-Ceiling)
All secreted in Proximal Tubule
All inhibit resorption by 2Cl, Na/K cotransport in Ascending loop
Most efficacious
SE of hypocalcemia and deafness
Flecainide: Antiarrhythmic, Class IC: Na Channel Blocker
All slow His-Purkinje system
Supraventricular Arr.
Furosemide: Diuretic, Loop II (High-Ceiling)
All secreted in Proximal Tubule
All inhibit resorption by 2Cl, Na/K cotransport in Ascending loop
Most efficacious
SE of hypocalcemia and deafness
Hydrochlorothiazide: Diuretic, Thiazide (Diuretics of choice)
Excreted in Proximal Tubule
Inhibits Na/Cl cotransporter in early Distal Tubule
Increase K excretion
SE of hypokalemia/hypercalcemia
L-DOPA, Carbidopa: DA Analog
Lidocaine: Antiarrhythmic, Class IB: Na Channel Blocker
Not effective orally
ICU for Ventricular Arr.
Shortens AP and ERP (Phase 2)
Mannitol: Diuretic, Osmotic
Freely filtered, limited resorption
Maintains urine flow

Limits Na/water resorption
Metoprolol: Antiarrhythmic, Class II: B1 Blocker
All decrease HR and contractility
All treat Supraventricular Arr., slow AV transmission
Oral
Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic, Class IB: Na Channel Blocker
IV or Orally
Life-threatening Ventricular Arr.
Moricizine: Antiarrhythmic, Class IC: Na Channel Blocker
All slow His-Purkinje system
Ventricular Arr.
Pergolide: DA Agonist, D1 and D2
Phenytoin: Antiarrhythmic, Class IB: Na Channel Blocker
Ventricular and Atrial Arr.
Gingival hyperplasia
Procainamide: Antiarrhythmic, Class IA: Na Channel Blocker
Longer duration than Quinidine
Less Antimuscarinic
Lupus-like SE
Propafenone: Antiarrhythmic, Class IC: Na Channel Blocker
All slow His-Purkinje system
Ventricular Arr.
Propranolol: Antiarrhythmic, Class II: B1 Blocker

All decrease HR and contractility

All treat Supraventricular Arr., slow AV transmission
Quinidine: Antiarrhythmic, Class IA: Na Channel Blocker
Atrial arrhythmias
Reduces Phase 4 (automaticity) and Phase 0 (CV)
Increases Phase 2 (ERP)
SE of Cinchonism
Antimuscarinic
Selegiline: MAOI-B (CNS only)
Metabolized to meth-/amphetamine
Sotalol: Antiarrhythmic, Class III: K Channel Blocker

All prolong AP, ERP (Phase 2), and Phase 3

All act upon Purkinje and Muscle fibers
Spironolactone: Diuretic, K-Sparing (mild)
Competitive inhibitor of Aldosterone
Used in hyperaldosteronis, CHF
SE of hyperkalemia
Tocainide: Antiarrhythmic, Class IB: Na Channel Blocker
More effective on Atrial Arr.
Tolcapone: COMT Inhibitor
Triameterene: Diuretic, K-Sparing (mild)
Interfere with Na transport in Late Distal Tubule
Disrupt electrical gradient reducing K excretion
SE of hyperkalemia
Trihexyphenydyl: Anti-cholinergic
Symptomatic relief only, tremors
Increases intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma
Verapamil: Antiarrhythmic, Class IV: Ca Channel Blocker
Tx of Atrial Arr., Depress AV node conduction
Slows PM activity of SA and AV nodes
Vasodilator
W/ B1-blocker can cause AV Block
Increases Digitalis blood concentration&nb

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Deck Info

Number of cards 40

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