Photography Study
Terms
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- Allows you to specify the f-stop you want, camera auto selects shutter speed
- Aperture Preferred
- Camera auto chooses correct focus distance for you, usually based on contrast of image or infrared sensor
- Auto Focus
- Light-measuring device that calculates exposure based on brightness of entire image
- Averaging meter
- The Tonal Level of an image where blacks begin to provide important image information, usually measured by using a histogram
- black point
- To soften an image of part of an image by throwing it out of focus, or by camera motion
- Blur
- taking a series of photographs of the same subject at different settings to help ensure that one setting will be the correct one
- Bracketing
- process used to correct for the differences in the output of a printer r monitor when compared to the original one
- Calibration
- (a darkroom technique) involves exposing part of a print for a longer period, making it darker than it would be with a straight exposure
- Burn
- Movement of the camera, aggravated by slower shutter speeds, causing image blur
- Camera shake
- light measuring device that emphasizes the area in the middle of the frame when calculating the correct exposure for an image
- Center weighted meter
- an image defect, often seen as green or purple fringing around the edges of an object, caused by a lens failing to focus on all colors of a light source at the same pt
- Chromatic aberration
- changing the amounts of color in an image to produce desired effect
- Color correction
- reducing the size of a file by encoding using fewer bits of info to represent the original
- Compression
- range between lightest and darkest tones in an image
- Contrast
- to trim an image or page by adjusting its boundaries
- Crop
- distance range in a photograph in which all included portions of an image are at least acceptably sharp
- Depth of field
- range that the image capturing surface could be moved while maintaining acceptable focus
- Depth of focus
- to reduce purity or vividness of a color
- Desaturate
- soft, low-contrast lighting
- Diffuse lighting
- darkroom term for blocking part of an image as it is exposed, lightening its tones.
- Dodging
- light-sensitive coating on a piece of film, paper, or printing plate. (one side of photo paper is emulsion side
- Emulsion
- amount of light allowed to reach the film or sensor, determined by intensity of the light, amount admitted by the lens, and length of time determined by shutter speed
- Exposure
- automatic setting in digi cam that provides the optimum combo of shutter speed and f-stop at a given level of illumination. (sports, portrait, ⬦)
- Exposure program
- In photography, lighting used to illuminate shadows
- Fill lighting
- distance between the film and the optical center of the lens when the lens is focused on infinity,
- Focal length
- camera feature that lets you freeze the auto focus of the lens at a certain pt, when the subject you want to capture is in sharp focus
- Focus lock
- relative size of the lens aperature (which helps determine exposure and depth of field. The larger the number, the smaller the f-stop
- f-stop
- the brightest parts of an image containing detail
- highlights
- pt of focus where everything from half that distance to infinity appears to be acceptably sharp.
- hyperfocal distance
- light falling on a surface
- incident light
- technique used to create new pixels required whenever you resize or change the resolution of an image, based on values of surrounding pixels
- interpolation
- a file format that supports 24-bit color and reduces file sizes by selectively discarding image data
- jpeg
- lens opening or iris that admits light to the film or sensor
- lens aperture
- a lens that provides continuous focusing, from infinity to extreme close ups, often to a reproduction ratio of 1:2 or 1:1 (half life size or life size)
- macro lens
- exposure metering system using a multi-segment sensor and programming so various parts of a scene can be emphasized when calculating the correct exposure
- matrix metering system
- representation of an image in which the tons are reversed: blacks as white, and vice versa.
- negative
- condition in which too much light reaches the film or sensor, producing a dense negative or a very bright/light print, slide, or digital image
- over exposure
- Moving the camera so that the image of a moving object remains in the same relative position in the viewfinder as you take a picture
- panning
- smallest element of a screen display that can be assigned a color
- pixel
- image file format including all the unprocessed info captured by the camera
- raw
- number of pixels per inch, used to determine the size of the image when printed
- resolution
- device that captures an image of a piece of artwork and converts it to a digitized image or bitmap that the comp can handle
- scanner
- increasing the apparent sharpness of an image by boosting the contrast between adjacent pixels that form an edge
- sharpening
- exposure mode in which you set the shutter speed, and based on that info, the camera determines the appropriate f-stop
- shutter preferred
- type of camera that allows you to see through the camera’s lens as you look in the camera’s viewfinder
- single lens reflex(SLR)
- lens or lens setting that magnifies an image
- Telephoto
- condition in which too little light reaches the film or sensor, producing a thin negative, a dark slide, a muddy-looking print, or dark digital image
- under exposure
- process for increasing the contrast between adjacent pixels in an image, increasing sharpness, especially around edges
- unsharp masking
- to enlarge or reduce the size of an image on your monitor/enlarge or reduce size of image using magnification settings of a lens
- zoom