Physical Science: Nuclear Energy
Terms
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- The largest, slowest, & least penetrating form of radiation.
- What is an Alpha Particle?
- A negatively charged electron or positively charged positron emitted from a decaying atomic nucleus; move faster, penetrate more matter than alpha particles
- What is a Beta Particle?
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A method of detecting & monitoring paths of nuclear particles which holds a superheated liquid that doesn't boil due to increased pressure in system and a moving particle leaves
ions behind it shows a track of bubbles in its path. - What is a Bubble Chamber?
- A continuing series of fission reactions in which neutrons from fissioning nuclei cause other nuclei to split releasing more neutrons
- What is a Chain Reaction?
- A device in which the formation of chains of dropplets on ions generated by passage of charged subatomic particles, to infer the presence of neutral particles & study cetain nuclear reactions.
- What is a Cloud Chamber?
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An electromagetic radiation emitted by radioactive decay, and having energies in a range overlapping that of the highest energy, x-rays
extending it to several hundred thousand electron volts. - What is a Gamma Ray?
- The time necessary for half the nuclei in a sample of a specific isotropic speciesto undergo radioactive decaky.
- What is Half - Life?
- A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus splits into fragment, usually 2 fragments of same mass = approx. 100Million / several Million elec. volts of energy
- What is Nuclear Fission?
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A nuclear reaction in which
nuclei combine to for more massive nuclei with the release of energy . - What is Nuclear Fusion
- Nuclide
- An atomic nucleus specified by its atomic number, atomic mass and energy state.
- The analysis of emitted nuclear energy ( i.e.,betta particles, gamma rays)can reveal brain tumors in humans.
- What is P.E.T? ( Positron Emission Tomography ).
- Spontaneos emission of radiation either directly from unstable atomic nuclei or as a consequence of a nuclear reaction
- What is Radioactivity?
- An identifiable substance, as a dye or radioactive isotope, that can be followed through the course of a mechanical/biological process, providing information on the pattern of events in the process or in the redistribution of the parts or elements involv
- What is a Tracer?
- The act of changing from one nature, form, substance, or state into another by a series of nuclear reactions.
- What is Transmutation?
- The emission and propagation of waves or particles, or light, sound, radiant heat or particles emitted by radioactivity.
- What is a Nuclear Reaction?
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The release of a high- energy neutron by some neutron-rich
nuclei during radioactive decay. - What is Neutron Emission?
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The smallest mass of a fissionable material that will
sustain a nuclear chain reaction. - What is Critical Mass?
- The nuclear radiation that arises naturally from cosmic rays and from radioactive isotopes in the soil and air.
- What is Background Radiation?