physical science-chapt 22
Terms
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- fundamental tone
- tone with the lowest possible frequency and pitch; occurs when a string vibrates if the current becomes too high
- inner ear
- part of the ear that contains the liquid filled cochlea; here sound vibrations are converted into electric impulses that travel through a nerve to the brain
- acoustics
- the science of sound
- anvil
- second bone in the middle ear; transmits vibrations from the hammer to the stirrup
- stirrup
- one of the three bones in the middle ear
- outer ear
- part of the ear that funnels sound into the ear canal
- reverberation
- combination of reflected sound waves
- intensity
- the amount of energy in a wave; determines loudness of a sound
- overtone
- sounds of higher frequencies produced when sections of a string vibrate
- pitch
- how high or low a sound is
- sonar
- SOund Navigation And Ranging system that uses high frequency ultrasonic waves
- ear canal
- located between outer ear and eardrum, conducts sound waves into the ear
- hammer
- first bone in the middle ear; picks up vibrations from the eardrum
- ultrasound
- sounds with frequencies higher than 20,000 hertz
- timbre
- quality of a sound
- eardrum
- tightly stretched membrane located at the end of the ear canal that vibrates when struck by sound waves
- middle ear
- part of the ear that contains the 3 smallest bones in the body; function is to transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear
- natural frequency
- the characteristic frequency of vibration of a particular medium
- resonance
- ability of an object to vibrate when it absorbs energy of its own natural frequency
- decibel
- unit in which the intensity of sound is measured
- quality
- property of a sound that is determined by the blendings of its fundamental tone with its overtones
- Doppler Effect
- change in frequency and pitch of a sound that occurs because of the movement of the sound source or listener
- cochlea
- snail, shell-shaped, liquid filled structure in the inner ear; contains nerve fibers and special cells that convert movements of the liquid into electric impulses transmitted to the brain