Biology 10.2 Quiz
i dont even get this material, hopefully i can just memorize it?
/:
/:
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- gene alterations
- mutation that change a gene which usually result in the placement of the wrong amino acid during protein assembly and disrupts the proteins assembly
- enhancer
- a sequence of DNA that can be bound by a transcription factor and are located thousands of nucleotide bases away from the promoter
- insertion mutation
- a sizable length of DNA is inserted into a gene and usually happen when transposons move randomly from one position to another on chromosomes
- gene rearrangements
- mutations that movie an entire gene to a new location which often mess up the gene's function because the gene is expose to new regulatory controls in its new location
- repressor
- a protein that binds to an operator and physically blocks RNA polymerase from binding to a promoter site
- operator
- the pice of DNA that overlaps the promoter site and serves as the on-off switch for transcription
- Transcription
- when RNA polymerase binds to a gene
- operon
- a section of DNA that contains the genes for the proteins needed for a specific metabolic pathway
- exons
- the portions of a gene that are translated (expressed) into proteins
- transposons
- mobile segments of DNA
- spliceosomes
- complex assemblies of RNA and protein that cut out the introns in mRNA after a eukaryotic gene is transcribed
- frameshift mutation
- a mutation that causes a gene to be read in the wrong three-nucleotide sequence
- activator
- the enhancer's attached transcription factor
- translation
- being expressed
- transcription factors
- regulatory proteins in eukaryotes that help arrange RUNA polymerase in the correct position on the promoter
- deletion mutation
- segments of a gene are lost (often during meiosis)
- lac operon
- the operon that controls the metabolism of lactose
- introns
- long segments of nucleotides that have no coding information and interrupt genes in eukaryotes
- gene regulation
- the ability of an organism to control which genes are transcribed (or expressed)
- point mutation
- mutation in which a single nucleotide changes