surface anatomy abdomen
Terms
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- what are some important planes to be aware of in the abomen?
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1. subcostal - below inferior edge of costal margin
2. transpyloric - halfway tween xiphisternal junction and umbilicus
3. transumbilical
4. transtubercular - most lateral aspect of iliac crest - what are the dermatomes above, at, and below the umbilicus?
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umbilicus = T10
T7-T9 above umbilicus
T11-L1 below umbilicus - where's the inguinal ligament as far as surface anatomy is concerned?
- ASIS to pubic tubercle
- where's the superficial inguinal ring as far as surface anatomy is concerned?
- above pubic tubercle just lateral to lateral edge of rectus abdominis
- where's McBurney's point? what's it important for?
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is 1/3 distance from ASIS to umbilicus on right
this is the site of the appendix - where's the liver in surface anatomy?
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on right, is with dome of diaphragm
goes through xiphisternal junction past the median plane for a variable distance
the inferior border is just under the common costal margin on right - what landmarks did we use to draw the liver on?
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top of 5th rib in MCL - right
xiphisternal junction
bottom of 5th rib in MCL - left
transpyloric plane in middle of body
on right, lowest point of right costal margin - where's the gall bladder?
- intersection of linea semilunaries and costal margin
- what's murphy's sign?
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it's a sign of pain at the gallbladder
sudden arrest of inspiration during deep palpation over site of gallbladder
this suggests inflammation of gall bladder = cholecystitis - where's the stomach?
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pylorus is at transpyloric plane
fundus is under LEFT dome of diaphragm
cardiac opening is posterior to LEFT 7th costal cartilage - behind lobe of liver - where's the transverse colon?
- varies - but somewhere around umbilicus
- where's the right colic flexure? or hepatic flexure?
- under lateral aspect of right lobe of liver just below TTP
- where's the left or splenic flexure?
- under spleen just above TTP
- where's the spleen?
- parallel to posterior ribs 9, 10, 11 behind MAL
- what's important to know about the surface anatomy during pregnancy?
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around 20 weeks, is at umbilicus
at 36 weeks, uterus top can be found just under xiphisternal junction