Continued Pathology Test 3
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- The diameter of the long bone expands or grows by ____in the periosteum, producing new bone
- osteoblasts
- 5 basic functions of bone
- supporting frame
- A splitting of the bony neural canal is referred to as
- spina bifida
- The most common form of dwarfism is _____, which is the result of diminished proliferation of cartilage in the growth plate
- achondroplasia
- ______is characterized pathologically by loss of joint cartilage and reactive new bone formation
- osteoarthritis
- _____is inflammation of teh small fluid filled sac located near the joint to reduce friction caused by movement
- bursitis
- A deep sof tissue swelliing with obliteration or displacement of the fat pads and subtle metaphyseal lucencies describes _____
- osteomyelitis
- The most common metabolic disease of the skeletal system is ____diesease, which affects both osteoblasts and osteoclasts
- Pagets
- An _____bone cyst contains numerous blood filled ateriovenous communication
- aneurysmal
- A fracture that may heal in a faulty position resulting in impairment of function is called ______
- malunion
- ______ _______is a chronic systemic disease os unknown cause, usually occurring in the small jionts of the hands and feet
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- bone formation from cartilage
- ossification
- connective tissue bone formation
- intramembranous ossification
- dense sructureless outer bone
- compact bone
- end of the shaft where the bone flares and becomes the epipysis
- metaphysis
- ends of long bones whre growth occurs
- epiphysis
- fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of bone
- periosteum
- flat bones ossify on their outer surfaces
- appositional growth
- membrane hat lines the medullary cavity
- endosteum
- portion of bone where blood production occurs
- medullary cavity
- resorbing bone cell enlarghing the diameter of teh medullary cavity
- osteoclasts
- shaftlike portion of bone
- diaphysis
- trabeuclae are contained here
- spongy bone
- cotton wool appearance
- pagets diesease
- a cleft in the pars interarticularis between the superior and inferior articular processes in the vertebrae
- spondylolysis
- a deposit of uric acid in the joint
- gout
- a malignant tumor of cartilaginous origin that may originate anew or within a preexisting cartilaginous lesion
- chondrosarcoma
- abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium deposits
- osteoporosis
- arises in the bone marrow of long bones and affects young adults
- ewings sarcoma
- benign bone projection with a cartilaginous cap
- osteochondroma
- brittle bone diesease
- osteogenesis imperfecta
- caused by vitamin deficiency in children
- rickets
- classic "sunburst" pattern with elevated periosteum
- osteogenic sarcoma
- degenerative arthritis
- osteoarthritis
- failure of cartilage to form properly resulting in dwarfism
- achondroplasia
- infection of the bone and its marrow
- osteomyelitis
- inflammation of the fluid filled sac usually due to repeated physical activity
- bursitis
- lack of neural tube closure
- spina bifida
- marble bone disease
- osteopetrosis
- most commonly affects the thoracic and lumbar spine with poorly marginated bone destruction ofen associated with an abcess
- Potts disease
- proliferation of fibrous tissue in teh medullary cavity
- fibrous dysplasia
- rupture of central nucleus puposus, most frequently L4-L5
- herniated interverebral disk
- true fluid filled area surrounded by a fibrous wall
- unicameral bone cyst
- bone response to repeated stresses
- fatigue
- composed of more than two fragment
- communited
- discontinuity between two or more fragment
- complete
- disruption of overlying skin
- open
- encircles the bone shaft
- spiral
- fracture healing process stops
- nonunion
- fragment torn from bony prominence
- avulsion
- incomplete fx with the opposing cortex intact
- greenstick
- occurs at a right angle to the long axis of bone
- transverse
- overlying skin is intact
- closed
- runs approx. 45 degrees to the bone
- oblique
- separation of bone fragment
- displaced
- avulsion fx at the base of the fifth metatarsal
- jones
- avulsion fx of the spinous process
- clay shovelers
- comminuted fx of the ring of the atlas
- jefferson
- isolated fx of the ulna with associated dislocatoin of the radius in the elbow
- monteggias
- transverse fx of the lumbar vertebrae
- seat belt
- transverse fx of the neck of the fifth metacarpal
- boxers
- transverse fx of the waist of this carpal bone
- navicular
- transverse fx through distal radius with dorsal angulatoin
- colles
- a herniation of the meninges is
- meningocele
- bone that fails to resorb and causes a loss of bone marrow is referred to as
- osteopetrosis
- ____may undergo spontaneous remission and has symmetric involvement
- rhematoid arthritis
- In ____, localized bone deficiency occurs as a result of decreased bone mass per unit volume
- osteoporosis
- Osteochondromas are
- a growth parallel to the long axis of the bone
- A grade one spondylolisthesis is dianosed when the
- 5th lumbar vertebra is displaced forward one fourth of the thickness of the sacrum
- For patients with severe osteoporosis how should the exposure factors be adjusted
- decrease kV and mA
- osteopetrosis requires with technical factors what?
- increase mA and kV
- the early stage of this disease process is seen as sharply demarcated radiolucency, which represents the destructive phase of
- pagets disease
- enchondromas are
- slow growing benign cartilaginous tumors
- _____arise in teh medullary cavity of teh small bones of teh hands and feet
- enchondromas
- The malignant bone tumor most commonly found in the metaphysis of the knee is
- osteogenic sarcoma
- Chiari II malformation is
-
caudal displacement of posterior fossa structures into the cervical canal;
With Myelomenugocele - nonsupporative means ____
- noninfectious (rhematoid arthritis)
- pannus means
-
covering like a sheet
rhematoid arthrits - ankylosis means
-
bony fusion across a joint
rhematoid arthritis - Ossification in the paravertebral tissues and longitudnal spinal ligaments (poker spine) combines with extensiver lateral bony bridges (syndesmophyes) to produce ___-
-
bamboo spine
ankylosing spondylitis - methotrexate is a
-
cytotoxic drug
treatment for arthritis - axial skeleton
-
vertebral column
sternum
ribs
skull - appendicular
-
extremities
shoulders
pelvis - bones are joined by
-
ligaments
capsules
cartilage
suturing of bone - example of gliding joints
- intercarpals
- example of hinge
- elbow and knee
- example of pivot
- atlas and axis
- example of ellipsoid
- radiocarpal
- saddle joint?
- only one
- ball and socket
- hip shoulder