Set #1
Terms
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- Democracy
- A government by the people.
- Pericles
- Athenian leader who emerged from the Persian Wars and created a thriving economy and made government more democratic.
- Socrates
- Athenian philosopher who used the Socratic method to help others seek truth and self-knowledge. A longtime defender of democracy.
- Aristotle
- Plato's most famous student, he wrote the book Politics and the rule of law. The principle that even rulers are subject to the law.
- Plato
- A student of Socrates and the author of the Republic. The vision of the ideal state would be the state should regulate every aspect of a citizen's life in order to provide for their best interests
- Solon
- An Athenian leader who made many needed reforms that ensured fairness and justice.
- Republic/Federal
- A system of government in which the people choose some officials. Federal Republic- The power is divided between the federal, national, government and the states.
- Aristocracy
- A form of government in which a few of the most prominent citizens rule.
- Punic Wars
- Three wars the Roman's fought against Carthage. Victory allowed the Roman's to declare themselves masters of the western Mediterranean.
- Julius Caesar
- Military commander who rose to power after the conquest of Gaul. Later would name himself absolute leader of the Roman Republic.
- Pax Romana
- A 200 year lasting peace in Rome. A period of peace, order, unity, and prosperity.
- Justinian's Code
- A reformer of the Roman law code. A commission was set-up to collect, revise, and organize all the laws of ancient Rome.
- Stoicism
- Hellenistic philosophy that emphasized the importance of duty. It was not what a person said but how he behaved
- Monotheistic
- The Israelite believe in one God.
- The Torah
- The Hebrew most sacred text, or record of Gods teachings.
- Diaspora
- The scattering of Jews post Babylonian captivity.
- Feudalism
- A loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords.
- Absolute Monarchy
- A ruler with complete authority the government and the lives of the people.
- Common Law
- A legal system based on custom and court rulings to standardize laws and punishments.
- Magna Carta or Great Charter
- A document constituting a fundamental guarantee of rights and privileges of the people.