Pulmonary Embolism
Terms
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- Kohn or canals of Lambert
- ventilation that occurs through holes in alveolar walls
- nasal cavity
- conducts gases to and from lungs and filters, warms and humidifies air
- respiratory center
- medulla oblongata and pons
- surfactant
- a phospholipid produced by type II alveolar cells and LOWERS surface tension and facilitates gas exchange
- hyperventilation
- is an increase in the amount of air entering the alveoli leading to hypocapnia (Pa<35mmHg)
- Primary function of lungs
- gas exchange takes (takes place at the alveolar - capilary membranes
- cough reflex
- produced when the epiglottis and vocal cords closetightly against air entrapped in the lungs
- thrombotic
- blood clot develop in venous system
- distention
- allows for widening of capillary vessels
- acute respiratory failure
- a staet of disturbed gas exchange resulting in abnormal aterial blood gas
- cilia
- sweeps foreign particles trapped in mucus
- fluic balance
- regulated by the hydrostatic pressure, colloid osmotic pressure, and capillary permeability
- hypocarbi
- low CO2
- Recuitment
- allows opening of previously closed capillary vessels
- hypercarbia
- CO2 accumulation
- pulmonary emoblism
- undissolved detached material that occlues blood vessels of pulmonary vascular system
- emboli
- once released into the venous, a thrombi is referred to as _________ and travels towards the heart and lungs
- virchow's triad
- risk factors of PE; sluggish blood flow, hypercoagulbility, and trauma to blood vessels
- hypoxia
- low O2 in tissue
- hypoventilation
- occurs when delivery of air to the alveoli is insufficient to meet the need to provide O2 and remove CO2
- hypoxemia
- low O2 in arterial blood
- mobilization of secretions
- what is the importance of maintenance of water content and fluid balance
- pulmonary circulation
- part of the blood circulation which carries oxygen depleted blood AWAY from the heart --> lungs and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart
- Recuitment and distention
- what are two mechanisms fior lowering pulmonary vascular resistance in capillary vessels
- alveolar edema
- more serious because it has negative effects on gas exchange
- fat emboli
- caused by bone fracture