Rocks
Terms
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- fossiliferous limestone
- non-clastic biological, has fossils + gray, through deposition that made shells w/ calcium carbonate
- halite
- non-clastic chemical, clear and salty, from evaporation
- chalk limestone
- non-clastic biochemical, comes from gradual accumulation of small calcite plates
- lithographic limestone
- non-clastic biochemical, flat+clean+tan, formed in shallow stagnant hypersaline and anoxic lagoons over long period of time
- conglomerate sandstone
- clastic, big chunks, large chunks cemeted together with fast moving water or glacial setting
- mica schist
- foliate, gold shiny, formed by metamorphism by heat and pressure of a sedimentary rock
- quartzite
- nonfoliated, brown/maroon and kinda shiny, sandstone in turned into quartzite w/ high pressure and heating due to tectonic compression
- marble
- nonfoliated, white/shiny looks kinda like salt, from metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks
- mica garnet schist
- foliated, has chunks of garnet in it, same conditions as mica schist except in garnet rich environment
- anthracite coal
- nonfoliated, can write w/ it and glassy, in swamps w/ dead organic matter and layers form and the remains turn into coal
- slate
- foliated, looks like it would be coal and dull and gray, from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through regional metamorphism
- basalt
- extrusive and basaltic comp., flat black, forms by decompression melting of the mantle
- gabbro
- intrusive and basaltic comp., grayer and w/ crystals, when molten magma is trapped below the surface of the earth and cools and turns into crystalline
- diorite
- intrusive and andesitic comp., cow, from partial melting of a mafic rock above a subduction zone
- rhyolite
- extrusive and granitic comp., light(pink), when lava cools underneath earth's surface
- obsidian
- super extrusive and granitic+andesitic+ basaltic comp., glassy, when super-heated highly pressurized rock is ejected from a volcano
- granite
- intrusive and granitic comp., pink+black+white speckled, when magma cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface
- pumice
- super extrusive and granitic+andesitic+basaltic comp., light/holey, when super-heated highly pressurized rock is ejected from a volcano
- andesite
- extrusive and andesitic comp., darker than gabbro, fractional crystallization or ht magma melting side wall rocks and mixing it together
- peridotite
- intrusive and ultramafic comp., duller and dark w/ crystals, comes from earth's mantle as crystals accumulate from magmas formed in a mantle
- sandstone
- clastic, pink/stripey, made of sand grain cemented together near coastline or desert
- shale
- clastic, black and fossily, comes from compaction
- coquina limestone
- non-clastic biological, has shells, made up of shells cemented together and near high-energy marine areas
- gneiss
- foliated, black + pink stipes, crystally, comes from schist or granite when there's intese T or P in Mnts.