unit 5 review
unit 5 flash cards
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Rousseau
- was another french who wrote the social contract. believed people are good by nature and can rely on their own instinct. His influence can be seen in the Declaration of Independence
- Nicolaus Copernicus
- He stated his heliocentric theory of the universe, which was closer to accurate, but still flawed
- William Harvey
- published on the moon o the heart and blood. he refined Vesalius ideas and showed that the heart was the beginning of the blood's circulation.
- Heliocentric
- nicholas copernicus...stated his heliocentric suncentered theory of the universe, which was closer to accurate, but still flawed
- Glorious Revolution
- (William and Mary) Revolution known as Glorious because there was no bloodshed in England James fled England and gave up the throne.
- Charles I
- tried to advocate the divine right of kings and bring mor absoute policies to England. he was also seen as bringing too much Catholic influence to church of England.
- Thomas Hobbes
- An english man who wrote the Leviathan, a book about the state has central authority to manage behavior. he believed people are evil by evil, and also believed in absolute monarchy
- Montesquieu
- was a french man, who wrote the spirit of laws. believed in 3 branches of government, his influence is seen the US constitution
- Divine right of kings
- believed they were chosen by God to rule
- Peter the Great
- Peter became the ruler of Russi8a when he was 22. He believed that his country must westernize in order to be successful. He wanted his people to adopt the ways of England, France and Germany and he wanted to pull his people out of their isolation. Peter created a navy and started the construction of a new capital city called St. Petersburg in the north.
- Oliver Cromwell
- was a dictator and not long after his death parliament declared Charles II King of England.
- Galileo Galilei
- built a telescope and was the first to make regular observations with it,these new ideas about the universe troubled the catholic church since the geocentric theory was in the bible
- Charles II
- was aware of the limitations of his position during this time periiod, the first political parties developed, abased on who supported the king or parliament
- Scientific method
- Francis Bacon came up with the ideas that scientific method was based on. only that which was observed could be proven true
- Age of Reason
- the age of reason witnessed inventions and innovation in technology that stimulated trade and transportation.
- Geocentric
- popular system of the universe in the middle ages. earth centered model of the universe in which the planets rotated in crystal spheres.(astronomy)
- Age of absolutism
- while absolutism developed in the rest of the Europe , in England the foundations of political democracy were being developed. democracy rests on the principle that government derives power from the consent of the governed.
- William and Mary
- Mary was King James II daughter and William was her husband. They were constitutional monarchs
- John Locke
- also an english man he wrote a book called 2 treatises of Government. believed people are reasonable and good naturally. also believed in the right of life, liberty, and property. His influence is seen in the Declaration of Independence.
- Absolute monarchy
- was a purposeful attempt by European Rulers kings and queens etc. to extend their royal or dynastic control over all aspects of life int eh lands they ruled. Peter the Great
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- was born 1685 in Germany from a musical family studied music all of his life traveled and brought new music ideas to the church. challenged tradition
- English Civil War
- After Elizabeth I, there was a series of unpopular monarchs. War broke out between parliaments supporters(Roundheads) and kings supporters(Cavaliers)
- Scientific Revolution
- A time from ca. 1550-1700 when there was a new emphasis on observatino and reason in science, rather that a reliance on traditional knowledge. during the scientific revolution experimentation became the main method of science.
- Johannes Kepler
- Father o modern astronomy, a German mathematician, confirmed the heliocentric theory with observations. He also showed that the planets moved in ellipsess rather thatn perfect circles
- Louis XIV
- Louis was recognized as one of the most powerful monarchs of Europe. He ruled fro 72 years and was known as the sun king he is famous for saying "L'etat, c'est moi" This means I am the state he moved the capital from Paris to Vwersailles which became a symbol of power. He expanded France's power into other areas of Europe.
- Eugene Delacroix
- born 1798 in France Romantics:emotion not reason use of color, historic themes. liberty guiding the people
- Issac Newton
- mathematical principles of natural philosophy defined the laws of motion and gravity. Newtown was trying to explain the motion of the universe.
- Constitutional monarchy
- monarchs chosen by parliament. William and Mary
- fallow
- means no crops
- English Bill of Rights
- As part of the conditions of coming to power, William and Mary had to accept the English Bill of Rights. At this point it was clear that parliamentary power had increased over royal power. due to teh laws restricting their power, English monarchs starting with William and Mary are considered constitutional monarchs.
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- born 1756 in Austria from a musical family musical prodigy, traveled through Europe, Rebelled against the church rules. Classical style, piano concerto
- Miguel de Cervantes
- Considered the first novel(Don Quixote). about a man who wanders through the countryside thinking that he's a knight
- Frederick the Great
- Frederick was the ruler of Prussia a German state he centralized the gobernment and put it under his control. he was known as the Royal Drill Sergeant because he devoted his life to the Prussian Army and made it the most efficient fighting force in Europe
- Voltaire
- also a french man who wrote the candide. he believed in free speech and the seperation of church and state. His influence can be seen in the US Bill of Rights
- Enlightenment
- is also called the age of reason and took.place in the 18th century. it developed as a result of the scientific revolution. they were greatly impressed with the accomplishments of the scientific revolution and became open to new ideas they used the word reason while advocating the application of the scientific method to the understanding of all life. by the 18th century philosophers saw themselves as enlightened by their ability to reason. they no longer saw light from coming from God. instead they saw God as the creator of the universe...