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Bio Ch.4 vocab OLSH

Terms

undefined, object
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chromatin
inside the nucler envelope are fine strands, a combination of DNA and protein
flagellum
hairlike organelles (cilia)
nucleolus
a spherical area that makes ribosomes
cell wall
a rigid wall outside the cell membrane
cytoplasm
contains the various organelles of the cell, lies between the cell membrane and the nucleus
nuclear matrix
a protein skeleton
Golgi apparatus
is the processing, packaging, and stores fats and proteins made by the ER
microtuble
large strands of the cytoskeleton are hollow tubes
colonial organism
is a collection of genetically identical cells that live together in a closely connected group
nuclear pore
small holes in the nuclear envelope
lysosome
small, spherical organelles that enclose hydrolytic enzymes within single membranes
cilium
hairlike organelles that extend from the surface of the cell, where they assist in movement
cell theory
the theory that all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, andthat cells come only from existing cells
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
not covered with ribosome it is smooth
tissue
groups of cells that carry out a specific function
microfilaments
threads made of a protein called actin
mitochondrion
large organelles scattered throuhgout the cyosol
organ
several types of body tissues that together perform a function
integral protein
the proteins that are embedded in the bilayer
thylakoid
a system of flattened, membranous sacs
organelle
is a cell component that performs specific functions for the cell
selectively permeable membrane
a membrane that keeps out some molecules but allows others to pass through
fluid mosaic model
a model of cell membrane structure representing the dynamic nature of membrane lipids and proteins
spindle fiber
thick enough to be seen with a light microscope. bundle of microtubules come together and extend across the cell
peripheral protein
proteins that are attached to the surface of the cell membrane
vacuole
second common charateristic of plant cells. they're fluid-filled organelles that store enzymes and metabolic wastes
ribosome
numerous organelles in many cells
cytoskeleton
a network of long protein strands located in the cytosol
cell membrane
the lupid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell
chloroplast
most familiar type of plastid; site of photosynthesis, and contains chlorophyll
eukaryote
organisms whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles
plastid
organelles that, like mitochondrion and nucleus, are surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA
organic system
made up of a group of organs that work together to perform a set of related tasks
prokaryote
unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles
chromosome
densely packed chromatin; DNA and protein in a coiled, rod-shaped form that occurs during cell division
cell
the smallest unit of matter that can carry on all of the processes of life
cytosol
gelatinlike aqueous fluids
nucleus
the large organelle near the center of the cell
actin
treads made of a protein, usually in a muscle
rough endoplasmic reticulum
make large amounts of proteins to be exported from the cell or inserted into the cell membrane. makes the cell look rough
endoplasmic reticulum
a system of membranous tubules and sacs
nuclear envelope
double membrane
crista
the inner membrane has many long folds, they enlarge the surface area of the inner membrane

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