Bio Ch.4 vocab OLSH
Terms
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copy deck
- chromatin
- inside the nucler envelope are fine strands, a combination of DNA and protein
- flagellum
- hairlike organelles (cilia)
- nucleolus
- a spherical area that makes ribosomes
- cell wall
- a rigid wall outside the cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- contains the various organelles of the cell, lies between the cell membrane and the nucleus
- nuclear matrix
- a protein skeleton
- Golgi apparatus
- is the processing, packaging, and stores fats and proteins made by the ER
- microtuble
- large strands of the cytoskeleton are hollow tubes
- colonial organism
- is a collection of genetically identical cells that live together in a closely connected group
- nuclear pore
- small holes in the nuclear envelope
- lysosome
- small, spherical organelles that enclose hydrolytic enzymes within single membranes
- cilium
- hairlike organelles that extend from the surface of the cell, where they assist in movement
- cell theory
- the theory that all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, andthat cells come only from existing cells
- smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- not covered with ribosome it is smooth
- tissue
- groups of cells that carry out a specific function
- microfilaments
- threads made of a protein called actin
- mitochondrion
- large organelles scattered throuhgout the cyosol
- organ
- several types of body tissues that together perform a function
- integral protein
- the proteins that are embedded in the bilayer
- thylakoid
- a system of flattened, membranous sacs
- organelle
- is a cell component that performs specific functions for the cell
- selectively permeable membrane
- a membrane that keeps out some molecules but allows others to pass through
- fluid mosaic model
- a model of cell membrane structure representing the dynamic nature of membrane lipids and proteins
- spindle fiber
- thick enough to be seen with a light microscope. bundle of microtubules come together and extend across the cell
- peripheral protein
- proteins that are attached to the surface of the cell membrane
- vacuole
- second common charateristic of plant cells. they're fluid-filled organelles that store enzymes and metabolic wastes
- ribosome
- numerous organelles in many cells
- cytoskeleton
- a network of long protein strands located in the cytosol
- cell membrane
- the lupid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell
- chloroplast
- most familiar type of plastid; site of photosynthesis, and contains chlorophyll
- eukaryote
- organisms whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles
- plastid
- organelles that, like mitochondrion and nucleus, are surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA
- organic system
- made up of a group of organs that work together to perform a set of related tasks
- prokaryote
- unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles
- chromosome
- densely packed chromatin; DNA and protein in a coiled, rod-shaped form that occurs during cell division
- cell
- the smallest unit of matter that can carry on all of the processes of life
- cytosol
- gelatinlike aqueous fluids
- nucleus
- the large organelle near the center of the cell
- actin
- treads made of a protein, usually in a muscle
- rough endoplasmic reticulum
- make large amounts of proteins to be exported from the cell or inserted into the cell membrane. makes the cell look rough
- endoplasmic reticulum
- a system of membranous tubules and sacs
- nuclear envelope
- double membrane
- crista
- the inner membrane has many long folds, they enlarge the surface area of the inner membrane