Social Studies Vocab Set Two
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- semantic
- Information stored as a(n) ____________________ code is stored according to its meaning.
- unconditioned stimulus
- Stimulus that causes an automatic response
- validity scale
- Test question that shows if the test taker is answering questions honestly
- depression
- a state of the economy with large numbers of unemployment, supply shortages, and excess capacity in manufacturing plants.
- capitalism
- economic system in which private citizens own and use the factors of production in order to generate profits.
- elasticity
- a measure of responsiveness that ells us how a dependent variable such as quantity responds to an independent variable such as price.
- Federal Reserve System
- privately owned, publicly controlled, central bank of the United States.
- Gross Domestic Product
- the dollar amount of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a year.
- Inflation
- a rise in the general level of prices.
- minimum wage
- the lowest legal wage that can be paid to most workers
- money
- any substance that serves as a medium of exchange, a measure of value, and a store of value.
- scarcity
- The condition that results from limited resources combined with unlimited wants.
- trade-off
- alternatives that must be given up when one is chosen over another.
- unemployed
- people available for work who made a specific effort to find a job during the past month and who, during the most recent survey week, worked less than one hour for pay.
- bureaucracy
- government administrators
- civil society
- a complex network of voluntary associations, economic groups, religious organizations, and many other kinds of groups that exist independent of government
- constituent
- a person whom a member of Congress has been elected to represent
- democracy
- government in which the people rule
- diplomacy
- the art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations without arousing hostility
- federalism
- a system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
- government
- the institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions on citizens
- incumbent
- elected official that is already in office
- judicial review
- the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional
- jurisdiction
- the authority of a court to rule on certain cases
- naturalization
- the legal process by which a person is granted citizenship
- politics
- the effort to control or influence the conduct and policies of government
- republic
- a government in which voters hold sovereign power; elected representatives, responsible to the people, exercise that power
- sovereignty
- the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries
- assimilation
- the blending or fusing of minority groups into the dominant society
- culture
- knowledge, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by members of a society
- deviance
- behavior that departs from societal or group norms
- ethnocentrism
- judging others in terms of one's own cultural standards