micro chapter 1 2
Terms
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- chemotherapy
- treatment with chemical substances
- antibiotic
- an antimicrobial agent, usually produced naturally by a bacterium or fungus.
- aseptic techniques
- laboratory techniques used to minimize contamination
- bacteriology
- the scientific study of prokaryotes, including bacteria and archaea
- pathogen
- a disease-causing organism
- cell theory
- all living organisms are composed of cells and arise from preexisting cells.
- bioremediation
- the use of microbes to remove an environmental pollutant
- immunology
- the study of a host's specific defenses to a pathogen
- alga (pl. algae)
- a photosynthetic eukaryote; maybe unicellular, filamentous, or multicellular but lack the tissues found in plants
- fungus (pl. fungi)
- an organism that belongs to the Kingdom Fungi;a eukaryotic absorptive chemoheterotroph
- immunity
- the body's defense against particular pathogenic microorganisms;also called specific resistance
- archaea
- prokaryotic cells lacking peptidoglycan; one of the three domains
- genetic engineering
- manufacturing and manipulating genetic material in vitro; also called recombinant DNA technology
- RECOMBINANT DNA
- A DNA MOLECULE PRODUCED BY RECOMBINANTION
- GENUS (pl. GENERA)
- THE FIRST NAME OF THE SCIENTIFIC NAME (BINOMIAL); THE TAXON BETWEEN FAMILY AND SPECIES
- BIOGENESIS
- THE THEORY THAT LIVING CELLS ARISE ONLY FROM PREEXISTING CELLS.
- PROKARYOTE
- A CELL WHOSE GENETIC MATERIAL IS NOT ENCLOSED IN A NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
- GENE THERAPY
- TREATING A DISEASE BY REPLACING ABNORMAL GENES
- PASTEURIZATION
- THE PROCESS OF MILD HEATING TO KILL SPOILAGE MICROORGANISMS OR PATHOGENS
- PROTOZOAN (pl. PROTOZOA)
- UNICELLULAR EUKARYOTIC ORGANISMS; USUALLY CHEMOHETEROTROPHIC
- SYNTHETIC DRUG
- A CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENT THAT IS PREPARED FROM CHEMICALS IN A LABORATORY
- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
- THE SCIENCE DEALING WITH DNA AND PROTEIN SYSNTHESIS OF LIVING ORGANISMS
- VIRUS
- A SUBMICROSCOPIC, PARASITIC, FILTERABLE AGENT CONSISTING OF A NEUCLEIC ACID SURROUNDED BY A PROTEIN COAT
- ECOLOGY
- THE STUDY OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANISMS AND WITH THEIR ENVIRONMENT
- EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASE (EID)
- A NEW OR CHANGING DISEASE THAT IS INCREASING OR HAS THE POTENTIAL TO INCREASE IN INCIDENCE IN THE NEAR FUTURE
- GERM THEORY OF DISEASE
- THE PRINCIPLE THAT MICROORGANISMS CAUSE DISEASE
- SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
- THE IDEA THAT LIFE COULD ARISE SPONTANEOUSLY FROM NONLIVING MATTER
- EUKARYOTE
- A CELL HAVING DNA INSIDE A DISTINCT MEMBRANE-ENCLOSED NUCLEUS
- SPECIFIC EPITHET
- THE SECOND OR SPECIES NAME WITHIN A SCIENTIFIC BINOMIAL
- VIROLOGY
- THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF VIRUSES
- BACTERIA
- KINGDOM OF PROKARYOTIC ORGANISMS, CHARACTERIZED BY PEPTIDOGLYCAN WALLS; BACTERIUM (SINGULAR) WHEN REFERRING TO A SINGLE ORGANISM
- MYCOLOGY
- THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF FUNGI
- HELMINTH
- A PARASITIC ROUNDWORM OR FLATWORM
- PARASITOLOGY
- THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF PARASITES(PROTOZOA AND PARASITIC WORMS)
- NORMAL MICROBIOTA
- THE MICROORGANISMS THAT COLONIZE A HOST WITHOUT CAUSING DISEASE; ALSO CALLED NORMAL FLORA
- BIOTECHNOLOGY
- THE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF MICROORGANISMS, CELLS, OR CELL COMPONENTS TO MAKE A USEFUL PRODUCT
- FERMENTATION
- THE ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF CARBOHYDRATES IN WHICH THE FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR IS AN ORGANIC MOLECULE, ATP IS SYNTHESIZED BY SUBSTRATE-LEVEL PHOSPHORLYATION, AND 02 IS NOT REQUIRED
- INFECTIOUS DISEASE
- A DISEASE IN WHICH PATHOGENS INVADE A SUSCEPTIBLE HOST AND CARRY OUT AT LEAST PART OF THEIR LIFE CYCLE IN THE HOST
- GENOMICS
- THE STUDY OF GENES AND THEIR FUNCTION
- MICROORGANISM
- A LIVING ORGANISM TOO SMALL TO BE SEEN WITH THE NAKED EYE; INCLUDES BACTERIA, FUNGI,PROTOZOA, AND MICROSCOPIC ALGAE; ALSO INCLUDES VIRUSES
- SPECIES
- THE MOST SPECIFIC LEVEL IN THE TAXONOMIC HIERARCHY
- KOCH'S POSTULATES
- CRITERIA USED TO DETERMINE THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE