micro quiz 1- 3 study questions
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- The early chemotherapeutic agent salvarsan, a "magic bullet" that was effective against syphilis, was discovered by
- Paul Ehrlich
- Vaccination for smallpox with cowpox was first developed by
- Edward Jenner
- An example of a prion-caused disease is
- creutzfield-jacobs disease
- With the aid of a compound microscope (one that uses two sets of lenses) life's smallest structural units, or "cells" were discovered by
- Hooke
- Pasteurization, which is used to kill potentially harmful bacteria in milk, was developed by
- Pasteur
- A major advance in immunology, a classification system for streptococci based on certain components in the cell walls of the bacteria, was proposed by
- Rebecca Lancefield
- The antibiotic penicillin was accidentally discovered on a mold-contaminated culture plate of bacteria by
- Alexander Fleming
- Cilia are appendages for locomotion found on
- Protozoa
- The concept of biogenesis, the claim that living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells was introduced by
- Rudolf Virchow
- The first proof that bacteria actually cause disease was from the work with the anthrax bacillus by
- Koch
- Examples of unicellular, eucaryotic microbes are
- Protozoa
- signs of life was conducted by
- Pasteur
- conducted by
- Redi
- Probably the first person to develop magnifying lenses that allowed him to observe live bacteria was
- Van Leeuwenhoek
- A microbe that is an effective insecticide is
- Bacillus thuringiensis
- He demonstrated that disinfecting hands of physicians could minimize infections in obstetrical wards. (last name only).
- Semmelweis
- Methods that keep unwanted organisms from culture medium to even surgical patients are called __________techniques.
- Aseptic
- What are the true prokaryotes?
- Bacteria
- An agent that lacks a cell wall, cannot produce its own energy, and contains only one type of nucleic acid is called a
- Virus
- Antimicrobial chemicals produced naturally by bacteria and fungi are called
- Antibiotics
- Protection from a disease that is provided by vaccination is called
- immunity
- A "hot lab" is a _______________level 4 facility (See outside readings).
- Maximum Containment Lab
- Using anthrax as a model, he developed a theory on how to determine if an infectious agent causes disease in an animal. His postulates can also be applied to human disease.(Last name only.)
- A substance that dissociates in water into cations and anions, neither of which is H+ or OH-, is called a(n)
- Salt
- An organic substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction, usually by increasing it, without being permanently altered itself is a(n)
- enzyme
- The principal energy-carrying molecule of all cells is
- ATP
- A substance that dissociates into one or more hydrogen ions (H+) and one or more negative ions is a(n)
- Acid
- Any molecule having an unequal distribution of charge (or electrons), such as the water molecule, is known as a
- Polar Molecule
- A chemical bond formed by two atoms sharing one or more pairs of electrons are called
- Covalent bond
- Proteins are formed by amino acids connected by
- Peptide bond
- Two molecules with the same chemical formula but different structures and properties are called
- Isomers
- A molecule that contains at least two different kinds of atoms, such as water molecule, is called a(n)
- Compound
- Atoms with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei are
- isotopes
- negatively or positively charged atom (or group of atoms) is called a(n)
- Ion
- The two configurations of amino acids, D and L, are called
- Stereoisomers
- Purines and pyrimidines are examples of
- nucleic acids
- Sugars and starches are examples of CarbohydratesA carbonated drink, pH 3 is ____________ times more acidic than distilled water at pH 7.0.
- 10,000
- a carbohydrate is a molecule whose molecular formula can be expressed in terms of
- just carbon and water
- Particles with a negative charge that move in shells around the nucleus are called?
- electrons
- Eight or more molecules of glucose in a chain would be called a
- polysaccharides
- Fatty acids and glycerol are the basic building blocks of
- simple lipids
- Bacteria tend to have a slightly (1)_____________ charge and thus are best stained with (2) ____________ dyes which have a colored ion that have a positive charge.
- negative and basic
- The ______________ of a light microscope is a lens system that focuses light through the specimen
- condensor
- The numerical aperture of an oil immersion lens is usually around 1.30.If the wavelength of light filtered through to the condenser is 0.52 µm, what is the resolving power of this particular microscope when using the immersion oil objective lens?
- 0.2micrometers
- In order to just see shapes arrangements of bacterial cells, a ____________ stain and not a differential stain is all that is needed.
- simple
- What type of microscopy can quickly detect a specific bacterial species among many different kinds of cells?
- confocal
- What is the total magnification of a specimen viewed through a 4x objective lens and 10x ocular lens?
- 40
- What color should a gram-positive organism appear after a Gram stain?
- purple
- What type of microscope would you use to determine internal structures in living microorganisms?
- phase contrast
- Which of the following staining procedures involves heating the specimen during the staining procedure?
- spore and acid fast
- Which kinds of microscopes could be used to provide information about the detailed structures of biological molecules?
- stm and afm
- What type of stain would be used to detect the organism that causes tuberculosis?
- acid fast
- What type of microscope would you use to study the surfaces of intact cells and viruses?
- scanning
- An organism is found to be capable of withstanding boiling water for twenty minutes. What stain might be useful in examining this organism?
- endospore
- What chemical is typically used as the stain for transmission electron microscopy?
- salts of lead or osmium
- Which of the following procedures represents the correct order of reagents for the Gram stain?
- crystal violet, then iodine, then achohol, then safranin
- What type of microscope produces scanned planes of images?
- flouresent
- Light of which color will provide the best resolving power for a compound light microscope?
- blue