AP Language and Composition
Terms
undefined, object
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- Implements
- to carry out
- Callous
- feeling no emotion
- Irate
- arising from anger
- Jovial
- good-humored
- Gaffe
- a social or diplomatic blunder
- Proximity
- closeness
- Petty
- having little or no importance or significance
- Diplomatic
- employing tact and conciliation especially in situations of stress
- Exoticism
- state of being strikingly, excitingly, or mysteriously different or unusual
- Coup
- a brilliant, sudden, and usually highly successful stroke or act
- Fortitude
- strength of mind that enables a person to encounter danger or bear pain or adversity with courage
- Symbiosis
- a cooperative relationship
- Plausible
- appearing worthy of belief
- Invariably
- not changing or capable of change
- Inherent
- involved in the constitution or essential character of something
- Conciliatory
- pacify, resolve
- Self-deprecating
- to express disapproval of oneself
- Lucid
- having full use of one's faculties
- Intrinsically
- belonging to the essential nature or constitution of a thing
- Reciprocate
- to give and take mutually
- Contentious
- exhibiting an often perverse and wearisome tendency to quarrels and disputes
- Adage
- proverb or metaphorical saying
- Commiserating
- to feel or express sympathy
- Impasse
- a predicament affording no obvious escape
- Chronic
- marked by long duration or frequent recurrence
- Retorted
- to answer back usually sharply
- Haggard
- a worn or emaciated appearance
- Travails
- work especially of a painful or laborious nature
- Plethora
- abundance
- Archetype
- the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies
- Gamut
- an entire range or series
- Myriad
- innumerable
- Reticent
- reluctant
- Variance
- being variable or different
- Incongruity
- not conforming
- Taboo
- banned on grounds of morality or taste
- Esoteric
- requiring or exhibiting knowledge that is restricted to a small group
- Cynicism
- contemptuously distrustful of human nature and motives
- Insidious
- proceeding in a gradual, subtle way, with harmful effect
- Synthesized
- the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole
- Exhortation
- urge strongly
- Perennially
- continuing without interuption
- Curtailed
- to make less by or as if by cutting off or away some part
- Retrospect
- a review of or meditation on past events
- Breach
- to break or violate
- Mantra
- mystical formula of invocation or incantation
- Ideology
- visionary theorizing
- Fraught
- causing or characterized by emotional distress or tension
- Inert
- very slow to move or act
- Perpetrator
- someone who commits a crime
- Brazenness
- sounding harsh
- Anomalous
- deviating from what is usual, normal, or expected
- Apathetic
- having or showing little or no feeling or emotion
- Bemuse
- to perplex
- Congruous
- agreement, appropriate
- Disarm
- to deprive of means, reason, or disposition to be hostile
- Discourse
- capacity of orderly thought or procedure
- Incredulous
- unwilling to admit or accept what is offered as true
- Oblique
- not straightforward
- Pivotal
- vitally important, crucial
- Sarcasm
- a sharp and often satirical or ironic utterance designed to cut or give pain
- Speculative
- questioning curiosity
- Tempered
- to exercise control over
- Allusion
- an implied or indirect reference especially in literature
- Antecedent
- word, phrase, or clause whose denotation is referred to by a pronoun
- Analogous
- if two or more things agree with one another in some respects they will prob. agree in others
- Anticlimactic
- an event (as at the end of a series) that is strikingly less important than what has preceded it
- Antithesis
- contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences
- Apostrophe
- the addressing of a usually absent person or a usually personified thing rhetorically
- Digression
- to turn aside especially from the main subject of attention or course of argument
- Elegiac
- expressing sorrow often for something now past
- Ellipses
- (⬦)
- Ethos
- distinguishing character, sentiment, moral nature, or guiding beliefs of a person, group, or institution
- Logos
- appeal to logic with numbers and data to prove a point
- Pathos
- emotion of sympathetic pity
- Euphemism
- substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant
- Figurative language
- departing from original meanings of the word to show similarities
- Simile
- a figure of speech comparing two unlike things that is often introduced by like or as (cheeks like roses
- Metaphor
- figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (drowning in money)
- Hyperbole
- exaggeration
- Logical fallacy
- errors in reasoning that lead to wrong conclusions
- Loose sentence
- sentence in which the principal clause comes first and subordinate modifiers or trailing elements follow
- Onomatopoeia
- the use of words whose sound suggests the sense
- Paradox
- statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true
- Parallel structure
- similar structure
- Periodic sentence
- usually complex sentence that has no subordinate or trailing elements following its principal clause
- Personification
- representation of a thing or abstraction as a person or by the human form
- Style
- unique qualities of a writer- sentence structure, word choice
- Subordination
- to treat as of less value or importance
- Syllogism
- deductive reasoning
- Tone
- style or manner of expression in speaking or writing showing attitude toward subject
- Detached
- exhibiting an aloof objectivity usually free from prejudice or self-interest
- Dispassionate
- not influenced by strong feeling
- Elevated
- formal, dignified
- Flippant
- lacking proper respect or seriousness
- Sardonic
- disdainfully or skeptically humorous
- Ominous
- foreboding or foreshadowing omen
- Understatement
- represent as less than is the case