Cardiovascular - Qbank
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- what is the initial alteration leading to atherosclerosis?
- injury to endothelial lining
- in compensated aortic coarctation, what is decreased?
- vascular resistance in lower body
- drugs recommended for patients with diabetes and renal complications (e.g. hyperuricemia)?
- ACE inhibitors
- bacterial endocarditis in tricuspid valve?
- IVDA
- what artery is frequently damaged in knee dislocations?
- popliteal
- proper initial treatment for patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
- metoprolol
- anti-hypertensive causing gynecomastia?
- spironolactone
- what increases upon removal of a kidney?
- total peripheral resistance
- beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity not recommended for patients with angina
- acebutolol and pindolol
- patient with vasculitic symptoms, eosiniophilia, and asthma?
- Churg-Strauss
- access to vertebral artery via what?
- suboccipital triangle
- patients who develop digitoxin toxicity gradually during chronic therapy are often taking what type of drugs?
- diuretics - hypokalemia and hypomagnesia
- increased stroke volume causes what to happen to pulse pressure? in what type of patients is this seen?
- wide pulse pressure - anemic patients
- endomyocardial fibrosis with myocyte necrosis and a prominent eosinophilic infiltrate?
- Loeffler endocarditis - result of direct toxicity to heart by proteins in eosinophil granules designed to kill large parasites
- what types of pericarditis may follow acute MI?
- fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis
- what is caseous pericarditis typically due to?
- TB
- these types of pericarditis can be seen in uremia, chest radiation, rheumatic fever, SLE, and following chest trauma
- fibrinous and serofibrinous
- this type of pericarditis is seen when pyogenic infections involve the pericardium, e.g. after cardiothoracic surgery
- purulent pericarditis
- this type of pericarditis is seen in non-infectious inflammations, e.g. rheumatic fever, lupus, scleroderma, tumors, and uremia
- serous pericarditis
- amyloid deposition in the myocardium results in what type of cardiomyopathy?
- restrictive - can be seen in RA and other long-standing inflammatory conditions
- what murmur is associated with a bicuspid aortic valve?
- immediate diastolic murmur
- what structures have the highest ratio of wall cross-sectional area to lumen cross-sectional area?
- arterioles
- what type of protein is associated with RA?
- AA amyloid protein
- another name for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
- idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
- administration of epinephrine after what type of drug causes a decrease in BP?
- alpha adrenergic antagonist, e.g. phentolamine - blockes epi's vasoconstrictive action on arterioles
- flow of blood through PDA?
- aorta to left pulmonary artery
- ACE inhibitors can cause what type of electrolyte disturbance?
- hyperkalemia
- small mass on mitral valve with finger-like projections; non-neoplastic
- papillary fibroelastoma
- calcium channel blocker associated with accelerated progression of CHF?
- verapamil
- drug to slow ventricular response in Wolff-Parkinson White?
- ibutilide
- hypersensitivity angiitis or microscopic polyarteritis nodosa (can be caused by penicilin)
- leukocytoclastic angiitis
- in which part of the systemic circulation does the greatest decrease in blood pressure occur?
- arterioles