Absolute Monarchy in France
Terms
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- Louis XIV
- the most powerful ruler in French history; in his view he and the state were one in the same; only four when he began his reign
- Jean Baptist Colbert
- assisted Louis in achieving his goals and believed in the theory of mercantilism and who to prevent wealth from leaving the country and tried to make Franch self-sufficient
- Nobles of the Robe
- Nobles of the Blood
- Cardinal Mazarin
- Richelieu's succesor who ruled France and whose greatest triumph came in 1648 with the ending of the Thirty-Years War; was hated by many because he increased taxes and strengthened the central government
- Accomplishments of Jean Baptist Corbert
- 1) Reformed existing tax system. 2) Raised taxes. 3) Promoted trade and commerce. 4) Encouraged ship, road, and canal building in order to help with exploration.
- Reconquista
- campaign to drive Muslims out of Spain
- intendant
- new tax collectors
- The Fronde
- series of rebellions
- Philip of Anjou
- Louis XIV's 16-year old grandson who had riegn after Charles II died in 1700
- Versailles
- Louis's palace that required 70% of taxes
- Lettres de Cachet
- imprisonment or exile without trial
- Edict of Nantes
- a declaration of religious toleration in which Henry declared in 1598 that the Hugeonots could live in peave in France and set up their own houses of worship in some cities
- Cardinal Richelieu
- strong minister appointed in 1624 as the ruler of France; establishes new tax collector (intendants) and France becomes the wealthiest nation in Europe; "The Architect of Absolutism"
- 2nd Estate
- Nobles- 1%
- Hall of Mirrors
- most known room in Versailles
- 3rd Estate
- Commoners- 97%
- Louis XIII
- Henry IV's son who was weak, but in 1624 he appointed a strong minister who made up for all his weaknesses
- 1st Estate
- Clergy- 1%
- mercantilism
- the idea that you sell more than you buy
- Accomplishments of Louis XIV
- 1) Lettre de Cachet- imprisonment or exile without trial. 2) Reorganized the army- 100000-400000. 3) Religious unity- repeals the Edict of Nantes. 4) Nobles of the Robe- Nobles of the Blood. 5) Versailles- 20000 acres, 27 years, Hall of Mirrors, housed 10000-20000, 70% of taxes
- Years of Louis XIV's reign
- 1643-1715.. 72 years
- Henry IV
- Catherine's daughter to the Huguenot prince and descended from the popular midieval King Louis IX; first king of the Bourbon Dynasty in France; Henry of Navarre
- Reasons to build Versailles..
- 1) Protection from commoners. 2) Fear of Nobility. 3) Cultural center. 4) New center of government.
- War Of Spanish Succession
- the long struggle from 1701-1714 in which England, Austria, the Dutch Republic, Purtugal, and several German and Italian states; Treaty of Utrecht signed to end it- Louis's grandson was allowed to remain king of Spain