Proteins
Terms
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- Quaternary protein structure
- made up of more than 1 strand of polypeptide, most enzymes are quaternary
- saliva contains...
- amylase which breaks down starch
- catalyst
- something that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
- the sum of anabolic and catabolic reactions
- metabolism
- tertiary protein structure
- 3-D shape of the molecule, vaused by various types of bonding between R groups
- enzymes
- chemicals that essential to the chemical reactions of metabolism, they speed up reactions, are catalysts
- alpha helix
- type of secondary structure, look like a slinky
- metabolic pathways
- a series of linked reactions in the cell, not occuring haphazardly, must have substrate and and enzyme present
- substrate
- reactants in an enzymatic reaction
- polypeptide
- polymer of protein made of many amino acids
- Functions of Proteins
- supports body, transportation, hormones, muscle cell components, defense, enzymes
- complete protein
- protein that contains all 8 amino acids
- enzyme
- enzymes are specific to one substrate and enzymes are reusable
- Number of Essential Amino Acids
- 8
- secondary structure
- occurs when segments of a polypeptide foil or fold in a perticular way
- endogonic reactions
- condensation synthesis, anabolic
- amino acids
- differ according to R group, include: central carbon, amino group, carboxyl group, R group
- exergonic reaction
- hydrolysis, catabolic
- protein
- composed of 1 or more polypeptide, formed because of condensation reaction between long strings of amino acids
- incomplete protein
- doesn't contain all 8 (plant protein)
- active site
- place which engages substrate to cause reaction
- metabolism
- the sum of chemical reactions in a cell during growth and repair
- primary structure
- the simplest of protein structures, the unique sequencing of amino acids
- Number of Amino Acids
- 20
- anabolic
- when large molecule are synthesized, endogonic
- factors that affect the rate of enzymatic reactions
- temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, enzyme inhibitors, enzyme co-factors
- beta sheet
- form of secondary structure, like an acordian
- catabolic
- when large molecules are broken down, exergonic
- Gastic juice contains...
- pepsin which breaks down proteins
- denaturation of proteins
- pH, temperature, salinity