Apologia Biology, Module 6
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Absorption
- The transport of dissolved substances into cells
- Activation energy
- Energy necessary to get a chemical reaction going
- Active transport
- Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane (typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion) aided by a chemical process
- Anticondon
- A three-nucleoctide sequence on tRNA
- Cell wall
- A rigid substance on the outside of certain cells, usually plant and bacteria cells
- Central vacuole
- A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution which contains a high concentration of solutes
- Chromatin
- Clusters of DNA and proteins in the nucleus
- Chromoplasts
- Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis
- Codon
- A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that refer to a specific type of amino acid
- Cytology
- The study of cells
- Cytolysis
- The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure
- Cytoplasm
- A jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
- Cytoplasmic streaming
- The motion of the cytoplams which results in a coordinated movement of the cell's organelles
- Digestion
- The breakdown of absorbed substances
- Egestion
- The removal of non-soluble waste materials
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes which perform several tasks within a cell
- Excretion
- The removal of soluble waste materials
- Golgi bodies
- The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell
- Homeostasis
- Maintaining the status quo in a cell
- Hypertonic solution
- A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell which resides in the solution
- Ions
- Substances in which at least one atom has an imbalance of protons and electrons
- Isotonic solution
- A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution
- Leucoplasts
- Organelles that store starches or oils
- Respiration
- The break-down of food molecules with a release of energy
- Secretion
- The release of biosynthesized substances for use by other cells
- Reproduction
- Producing more cells