Anatomy Physiology BIO-163 Chapters 1-3
Terms
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- Superior means?
- Towards the head or above another part.
- Which elements make up most of the human body?
- Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen.
- ________ are extremely small subatomic particles and have almost no weight and carry a negative electrical charge?
- Electrons
- The appendicular portion of the human body contains?
- arms and legs
- The saggital plane devides the body into _______ sections?
- Front and back.
- Hydrogen has an atomic weight of 1. What does that mean?
- It has one electron, has only one proton, and has no neutrons.
- When Hydrogens one electron combines to chlorine and becomes - charged chlorine and + hydrogen they attract, this is called?
- Ionic bonding
- The 2nd shell of an atom can hold a maximum of how many electrons?
- Eight
- Carbon has an atomic weight of 12. In addition it has 6 protons which means it has how many neutrons & electrons?
-
6 electrons
6 neutrons -
Which of the following lines the lungs directly?
Visceral pleura, parietal peritoneum, visceral hilar membrane, parietal pleura - Visceral pleura
- Lateral means?
- To the side of the midline of the body.
- Who is the founding father of Anatomy?
- Andreas Vesalius
- Proximal means?
- Closer to the trunk, near the beginning.
- The region of the abdomen located just to the left and right of the umbilicus is known as the?
- Lumbar region
- Oxygen gas (O2) has how many electrons?
- 16
- Red blood cells are about what size?
- 6-8 microns
- How many molecular bonds can oxygen form?
- Two
- What serous membrane encloses the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland?
- Mediastinum
- Where is chromation material found?
- In the nucleus.
- Meiosis occurs in which cell?
- Sperm and egg cells.
- The nucleus of an atom is composed of which of the following components?
- Protons and neutrons.
- Division of the nucleus is known as?
- Karykinesis
- An element, helium has two electrons. Based on this what can be said concerning this element?
- It is very stable and will not react chemically.
- What is the function of mitochondria?
- They make ATP.
- On an atom of carbon there are how many electrons on the outer rings?
- First ring 2, Second ring 4.
- What area of science deals with the structure & morphology of body parts?
- Anatomy
- Anterior means?
- Towards the front.
- Sometimes atoms of the same element have different atomic weights, this is referred to as?
- Isotopes
- What occurs first during mitosis?
- Nuclear division
- What is the function of visceral and parietal serous membranes found throughout the body?
- They allow for frictionless movement of the organs.
- In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes reach the centrioles and the neuclear envelope begins to appear?
- Telophase
- What is referred to as the maintenance of a stable internal environment with regards to the external enviroment?
- Homeostasis
- Cells accumulate materials taht cannot be excreted out of the cell, this material passes to daughter cells. These materials are known as?
- Inclusions
- What is a tubular transport system seen in cells?
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Diffusion means?
- Movement of molecules from a higher to lower concentration and requires no carrier molecules.
- Superficial means?
- Near the surface.
- In which phase of mitosis are the chromosomes lined up midway between the centrioles?
- Metaphase
- What is the function of the peroxisomes?
- Protect agains harmful oxygen metabolites.
- What is the only cell in the human body that contains a flagella?
- Sperm cell
- What is the function of superoxide dismutase?
- Converts singlet oxygen into oxygen gas.
- An infant is born without peroxisomes. What is the likely outcome?
- The infant will surely die.
- The maintenance of life requires all of the following except? Water, food, oxygen, xenon 133
- Xeon 133
- The axial portion of the body consists of which of the following?
- Head, neck, and trunk.
- How many cells are found in the human body?
- 75 trillion
- The element nitrogen can form how many other bonds with other atoms?
- Three
- What structure is found within the abdominal cavity?
- Thymus gland
-
Cellular organelles would include all but which?
carbohydrates, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, ribosomes, peroxisomes - Carbohydrates
- The atomic number is the same number of __________ contained within the atom?
- Protons
-
Which are contained within the cell membrane?
chlesterol, phosphorous, iron, hemoglobin - Cholesterol and phosphorous
- Active transport means?
- It requires a carrier molecule and is the movement of molecules from a lower to higher concentration.
- What are seen only in Bacteria?
- Prokaryotic cell
- The order of the levels of organization in the body is?
- Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system.
- Lysosomes are most numerous in which cells?
- Macrophages & neutrophils
- Mater exists in four states. Including all but which of the following? stellarplasm, solids, liquids, gases, plasma
- stellarplasm
- What are subdivisions of the dorsal cavity?
- Cranial cavity and spinal cavity.
- A cut that divides the body into inferior and superior portions is known as?
- Transverse cut
-
Characteristics of life include all but which?
respiration, reproduction, responsiveness, water - Water
- Medial means?
- Closer to the midline of the body.
- Osmosis means?
- Movement of water from a higher water concentration to a lower water concentration.
- What is the serous membrane that lines the abdominal wall and abdominal organs in the body?
- Peritoneum