Life Science ch. 9
Terms
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- State 2 types of drugs that are products of fungi.
- antibiotics & antiviral drugs
- a footlike extension of cytoplasm used by some organisms to move & trap food.
- pseudopod
- yeasts, molds, morels & truffles are examples of this division of fungi;the spores of these fungi are produced in sacs called asci.
- sac fungi
- plant-like protists that contain chlorophyll & make their own food; they have no roots, stems, or leaves & live in or near water.
- algae
- a plant-like protist that moves about using pseudopods.
- sarcodines
- simple organisms having cells with a nucleus.
- protists
- one-celled alge with body made of two halves; cell walls contain silica; pigment golden brown.
- diatom
- a resistant reproductive cell that forms new organisms without fertilization; in fungi, ferns & some protists.
- spore
- one & many celled species; Most live in water, some live out of water, or in other organisms; pigment chlorophyll.
- green algae
- one-celled animal-like protists; many are parasites.
- protozoa
- a relationship in which 2 organisms live together, both benefit in some way.
- mutualistic
- a condition where 2 organisms live together for mutual benefit.
- symbiosis
- a strong, flexible carbohydrate forming the cell walls of hyphae & found in the body-covering and wings of insects.
- chitin
- the spore producing sacs of sac fungi.
- asci
- Give an example of a Sarcodina.
- amoeba
- the round, spore-producing cases of zygote fungi.
- sporangia
- Name the fungus-like protists.
- slime molds, water molds, & mildew
- Give an example of a sporozoan.
- plasmodium
- one-celled algae that move with a flagellum; has eyespot to detect light; pigment chlorophyll.
- euglena
- a fungus living in a mutualistic relationship with green algae.
- lichen
- Many-celled algae; carbohydrate in red algae is used to give some foods a creamy texture; pigment red
- red algae
- a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows from the body of its parent; for example, yeast reproduces this way.
- budding
- short, hairlike structures that extend from the cell membrane & help tiny organisms move; found in respiratory passages.
- cilia
- masses of thread-like structures that form the body of a fungus.
- hyphae
- an animal-like protist that moves using flagella; example-protozoan
- flagellates
- Give an example from the Ciliophora kingdom.
- paramecium
- Many-celled algae; most live in salt water; important food source in acquatic enviornments; pigment brown.
- brown algae
- Name the animal-like protists.
- sarcodines, flagellates, ciliates,& sporozoans.
- Why have fungi become so important to medicine?
- They produce a wide variety of compounds that are useful in treating bacterial & viral diseases.
- a division of fungi which produces spores in round spore cases called sporangia; ex. fuzzy black mold on bread.
- zygote fungi
- Name the important drug made from an imperfect fungus; this drug was approved for use in organ transplant patients; prevents rejection.
- cyclosporine
- a division of fungi; composed of species of fungi in which a sexual stage has never been observed; ex. penicillin
- imperfect fungi
- animal-like protist; small, parasitic protozoans that have no way of moving.
- sporozoans
- the club-shaped spore-producing structure of club fungi.
- basidium
- a division of fungi; the spores of these fungi are produced in a club-shaped structure called a basidium.ex. mushroom
- club fungi
- animal-like protist; complex protozoan that moves using cilia.
- ciliates
- one-celled algae with 2 flagella. Flagella cause cell to spin; Some species cause red tide; pigment red.
- dinoflagellates
- Give an example from the Mastigophora phylum.
- trypanosome
- Name the divisions of fungi.
- zygote fungi, sac fungi, club fungi, imperfect fungi & lichens.