biogentics
Terms
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- Genes
- chemical factors that determine traits
- Allele
- one of a number of diffent forms of a gene
- Segregation
- Seperation of alleles
- multiple alleles
- three or more alleles of the same gene
- Gametes
- specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
- Probability
- Likelihood of an event
- Punnett square
- Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from genetic cross.
- Genetics
- The scientific study of heredity
- Homozygous
- Organisms with two identical alleles for particular trait.
- Heteorzygous
- Organism with two different alleles for the same trait
- Phenotype
- physical characteristics of organism as result of genetics
- Genotype
- Genetic characteristics of organism
- True-breeding
- used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self pollinate
- Trait
- A specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
- incomplete dominance
- cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another
- polygenetic traits
- trait controlled by two or more genes
- haploid
- cell with a single set of chromosomes and therefore a single set of genes
- tetrad
- structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis during prophase.
- gene map
- diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome.
- Hybrids
- Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
- idependent assortment
- idependent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes
- codominance
- both alleles contribute to the phenotype of the organism
- homologous
- 4 chromosomes that came from male parent has a corresponding chromosome from female parent
- diploid
- a cell that contains both sets of homoglous chromosomes
- meiosis
- process where number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
- crossing-over
- process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.