Life Science - CHAPT 2 (7th grade)
Terms
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copy deck
- DESCRIBE THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE?
- AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE USES A MAGNETIC FIELD TO BEND BEAMS OF ELECTRONS AND CAN MAGNIFY IMAGES UP TO 1,000,000 TIMES
- WHAT IS A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE?
- (SEM) IS USED TO SEE THE SURFACES OF WHOLE OBJECTS...CAN VIEW AND PHOTOGRAPH LIVING CELLS
- WHAT IS A TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (TEM)?
- IS USED TO STYDY PARTS INSIDE A CELL..THE OBJECT IS SLICES VERY THIN AND PLACED IN A VACUUM...THERE IS NO AIR IN A VACCUUM SO ONLY DEAD CELLS AND TISSUES CAN BE OBSERVED THIS WAY.
- WHO WAN ANTON VON LEEUWENHOEK?
- A DUTCH SCIENTIST WHO MADE A SIMPLE MICROSCOPE WITH A TINY GLASS BEAD FOR A LENS...IT COULD MAGNIFY UP TO 270 TIMES
- WHO WERE THE THREE MEN WHO CONTRIBUTED TO THE FORMING OF THE CELL THEORY AND WHAT WERE THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS?
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MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN, GERMAN SCIENTIST WHO USED A MICROSCOPE TO STUDY PLANT PARTS AND CONCLUDED ALL PLANTS WERE MADE OF CELLS
THEODOR SCHWANN, GERMAN SCIENTIST WHO AFTER OBSERVING MANY DIFFERENT ANIMAL CELLS CONCLUDED THAT ALL ANIMALS WERE MADE UP OF CELLS - WHAT IS A VIRUS?
- A NONLIVING PARTICLE CONSISTING OF A CORE OF HEREDITARY MATERIAL SURROUNDED BY A PROTEIN COAT
- NAME (4) FOUR WAYS VIRUSES ARE CLASSIFIED?
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SHAPE
HEREDITARY MATERIAL
KIND OF ORGANISM THEY INFECT
METHOD OF REPRODUCTION - WHAT PRODUCES THE SHAPES OF VIRUSES?
- THE PROTEIN COVERING THAT VIRUSES HAVE
- HOW ARE VIRUSES NAMED?
- VIRUSES ARE OFTEN NAMED FOR THE DISEASES THEY CAUSE, SUCH AS THE POLIO VIRUS, OR THE ORGAN OR TISSUE THEY INFECT
- HOW DO VIRUSES REPRODUCE?
- A VIRUS HAS TO BE INSIDE A LIVING CELL TO REPRODUCE. THE ACTIVE (OR LATENT) VIRUS INVADES THE HOST CELL IT CAUSES THE CELL TO MAKE NEW VIRUSES WHICH DESTROYS THE HOST CELL. ACTIVE IMMEDIATELY STARTS REPRODUCING AND LATENT ENTERS THE CELL AND BECOMES PART OF THE HEREDITARY MATERIAL AND "HIDES"..THEN AT ANY TIME THE LATENT VIRUS CAN BECOME ACTIVE AND START REPRODUCING
- EXPLAIN THE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF A VIRUS.
- 1. (ATTACH) IT ATTACHES TO THE SURFACE OF A SPECIFIC BACTERIAL CELL 2. (INVADE)THE HEREDITARY MATERIAL OF THE VIRUS INJECTS ITSELF INTO THE BACTERIAL CELL 3. (COPY)VIRAL HEREDITARY MATERIAL TAKES CONTROL OF THE BACTERIAL CELL AND THE CELL BEGINS TO MAKE NEW VIRUS PARTICLES 4. (RELEASE) CELL BURSTS OPEN AND HUNDREDS OF NEW VIRUS PARTICLES ARE RELEASED AND GO ON TO INFECT OTHER CELLS.
- WHAT DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY VIRUSES?
- MUMPS, MEASLES, AND CHICKEN POX
- WHO WAS EDWARD JENNER?
- AN ENGLISH DOCTOR CREDITED WITH DEVELOPING THE FIRST VACCINE IN 1796
- WHAT IS GENE THERAPY?
- GENE THERAPY INVOLVES SUBSTITUTING CORRECTLY CODED HEREDITARY MATERIAL FOR A CELL'S INCORRECT HEREDITARY MATERIAL
- WHAT DOES THE IMMUNE SYSTEM DO FOR THE BODY?
- A HEALTHY PERSONS NATURAL DEFENSE AGAINST DISEASE
- WHAT IS A VACCINE?
- MADE FROM DAMAGED VIRUS PARTICLES THAT CAN'T CAUSE DISEASE ANYMORE
- hOW DOES "AIDS" AFFECT THE BODY?
- THE "HIV" OR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ATTACKS THE BODY'S IMMUNE SYSTEM.. AND CAUSES A DISEASE CALLED "AIDS" OR ACQUIRED IMMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME...AIDS ALLOWS THE BODY TO BE INFECTED BY MANY ORGANISMS THAT CAUSE DISEASE AND DEATH RESULTS FROM SOME OTHER INFECTIONS RATHER THAN THE HIV ITSELF
- DESCRIBE THE SIMPLE MICROSCOPE.
- A SIMPLE MICROSCOPE IS SIMILAR TO A MAGNIFYING GLASS, IT HAS ONLY ONE LENS
- DESCRIBE THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE?
- A COMPOUND MICROSCOPE HAS TWO OR MORE LENS... IT LETS LIGHT PASS THROUGH AN OBJECT AND THEN THROUGH TWO OR MORE LENSES.
- DESCRIBE A STEREO MICROSCOPE?
- IT GIVES YOU A THREE-DIMENSIONAL VIEW OF AN OBJECT...THEY ARE USED TO LOOK AT THICK STRUCTURES THAT LIGHT CAN'T PASS THROUGH