psychology prologue
Terms
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- MODE
- MOST FREQUENT #
- MEAN
- ARITHMETIC AVG. (BIASED BY EXTREMES)
- THEORY
- EXPLAINS THROUGH PRINCIPLES THAT ORGANIZE AND PREDICT BEHAVIORS/EVENTS
- STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
- WHEN THE SAMPLE AVERAGES ARE RELIABLE AND THE DIFF. B/W THEM IS RELATIVELY LARGE
- FALSE CONSENSUS EFFECT
- TENDENCY TO OVERESTIMATE OTHERS\' AGREEMENT W/ US
- RANGE
- GAP B/W LOWEST/HIGHEST SCORES
- DEPENDENT VARIABLE
- OUTCOME/RESULTS OF EXPERIMENT
- INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
- VARIABLE MANIPULATED
- QUASI
- EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
- MEDIAN
- MIDPOINT OF #\'S
- MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY
- USED TO SUMMARIZE DATA
- FIND CAUSE/EFFECT
- EXPERIMENTS
- CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
- STATISTICAL MEASURE OF CORRELATION
- OVERCONFIDENCE
- TO BE MORE CONFIDENT THAN CORRECT
- HINDSIGHT BIAS
- \"I KNEW IT ALL ALONG\" PHENOMENON. TENDENCY TO BELIEVE AFTER LEARNING OUTCOME THAT WE COULD HAVE FORSEEN IT
- STANDARD DEVIATION
- GAUGES WHETHER SCORES ARE PACKED TOGETHER/DISPERSED
- WILLIAM JAMES
- FUNCTIONALIST
- TITCHENER
- STRUCTURALISM - INTROSPECTION, ELEMENTS OF THE MIND/EXPERIENCES.
- WILLIAM WUNDT
- PHYSIOLOGIST/PHILOSOPHER. FOUNDER OF PSYCHOLOGY
- EMPIRICISM
- LOCKE. KNOWLEDGE ORIGINATES IN EXPERIENCE. OBSERVATION/EXPERIMENTATION. TABULA RASA (BLANK SLATE) NURTURE OVER NATURE
- STRUCTURALISM
- USED INTROSPECTION TO EXPLORE THE ELEMENTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN MIND
- FUNCTIONALISM
- HOW MENTAL/BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES FUNCTION. HOW THEY ENABLE THE ORGANISM TO ADAPT/SURVIVE/FLOURISH
- PSYCHOLOGY
- THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES
- HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
- STUDYING ROLES OF CONSCIOUSNESS/FREE WILL/AWARENESS OF THE HUMAN CONDITION. UNCONDITIONAL POS. REGARD, EMPHASIZED GROWTH POTENTIAL OF HEALTHY PEOPLE. PERSONALIZED METHODS TO FOSTER PERSONAL GROWTH
- NATURAL SELECTION
- ALL CREATURES HAVE EVOLVED INTO THEIR PRESENT STATE OVER LNG. PERIODS OF TIME. BEST TRAITS CHOSEN TO SURVIVE.
- BIOLOGICAL APPROACH
- APPROACH THAT SEEKS TO UNDERSTAND INTERACTIONS B/W NATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR. DETERMINE WHICH PART OF THE BRAIN IS INVOLVED IN PARTICULAR BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES.
- BEHAVIORAL APPROACH
- APPROACH THAT BELIEVES PSYCH. IS STUDY OF OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR. CONDITIONING.
- COGNITIVE APPROACH
- APPROACH TO UNDERSTAND PPLS BEHAVIOR BY UNDERSTANDING HOW THEY SEE THEIR ENVIRONMENT AND HOW THEY THINK
- PSYCHOANALYTIC/PSYCHODYNAMIC APPROACH
- SIGMUND FREUD\'S APPROACH. CONSCIOUS/UNCONSCIOUS MIND. REPRESSED THOUGHTS.
- SOCIOCULTURAL
- APPROACH - ENVIRONMENT A PERSON LIVES IN HAS A GREAT IMPACT ON HOW THE PERSON BEHAVES AND HOW THEY ARE PERCEIVED
- EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH
- HOW ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR IS TO SURVIVAL APPROACH
- BASIC RESEARCH
- PURE SCIENCE THAT AIMS TO INCREASE THE SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE BASE
- APPLIED RESEARCH
- SCIENTIFIC STUDY THAT AIMS TO SOLVE PRACTICAL PROBLEMS
- COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY
- ASSISTS PPL. W/ PROBLEMS IN LIVING AND IN ACHIEVING GREATER WELL BEING