Spanish Explorers
Terms
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- Adobe
- A mixture of mud and straw used to make buildings.
- CABEZA DE VACA, ALVAR NUNEZ
- An explorer who was part of the Narvaez expedition. After a shipwreck destroyed the expedition, Cabeza de Vaca led a small group of survivors who walked all the way across the North American continent.
- CABRILLO, JUAN RODRIGUEZ
- The first Spanish explorer of the coast of California.
- CIBOLA
- Coronado thought the Seven Cities of Gold for which he was searching were called “Cibola.â€
- CONQUISTADORS
- Well-trained soldiers who conquered many lands for Spain. This word means “conqueror†in Spanish.
- CORONADO, FRANCISCO
- The Spanish explorer who led an expedition from 1540–1542 that searched for the Seven Cities of Gold in what are today’s states of Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.
- CORTEZ, HERNANDO
- The man who led the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs in Mexico between the years 1519 and 1521.
- EXPEDITION
- A group of people organized for a particular purpose, such as exploring unknown lands. The expeditions of the Spanish explorers were huge. They were usually made up of about 300–600 soldiers, a few hundred up to a thousand servants and slaves, several Catholic priests, hundreds of horses, and thousands of animals that were used for food, such as cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs.
- MESA
- A Spanish word that means “table.†Mesa has also come to mean a flat- topped hill.
- NARVAEZ, PANFILO de
- The Spanish explorer who led the second expedition to Florida to search for gold. His expedition was a disaster, for nearly everyone in it died.
- NEW SPAIN
- After they conquered Mexico, the Spanish called Mexico “New Spain.â€
- Father Kino
- was one of the early Spanish explorers of the deserts of the American Southwest. In addition to establishing a number of missions in the New World.
- Juan Onate
- Governor of New Mexico. He lead a group of explorers to Arizona's Hopi Villages. They found silver near Prescott.
- Pedro de Tovar
- He believed the Hopi's and thought that there was a great river and riches to the west.
- Captain Carcia Lopez de Cardenas
- His expedition discovered the Grand Canyon
- Antonio de Espejo
- His group found silver ore by present - day Jerome, AZ.
- conquer
- To win or overthrow
- slaves
- A person who is viewed as property and forced to work for his or her owner
- Viceroy Medoza
- The leader of New Spain. He wanted to find the Seven Cities of Cibola. He formed a small group to go and look for them. Fray Marcos de Niza was the leader of that group. Estavan was the guide.
- Estavan
- He was sent ahead from his group to find the golden cities. Since he could not read or write, he had to send a wood cross back to Fray Marcos. He sent a large cross and that meant there was a city full of gold.
- interpreter
- A person who explains to people what is being said in another language.
- missionaries
- Priests taught the Native Americans about Jesus.
- convert
- to change someones religion or beliefs.
- mission
- a religious settlement
- rebelled
- To fight against.
- presidio
- fort
- colonies
- A settlement or territory under the control of another nation
- independence
- freedom from another country's control or rule
- revolution
- when one government takes over another government; a big change in the way things are done.
- Juan Bautista de Anza
- In charge of the soldiers at Tubac. He wanted to find a route between New Mexico and the Pacific Coast.
- Yuma Rebellion
- The Yuma Indians rebelled and about 50 Spanish men were killed. All four of the priests including Garces wer killed. After the rebellion, the Spanish stopped controlling the Yuma crossing.
- Tucson Presidio
- It protected the San Xavier Mission. The fort was the beginning of Tucson.