microbio 412
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- anabolism
- precursors to cell material decreases entropy endergonic +delta G
- catabolism
- substrates to make energy to products increases entropy exergonic -deltaG
- Gibbs free energy
- change in H - t change in S
- Respiration
- glucose makes CO2, electrons to e- transport chain, O2 electron acceptor, makes H20. ATP synthase makes ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
- photosynthesis
- H20 electron donor, makes O2, e- to e- transport chain, light helps e- chain, e- goes to CO2 and makes cell material. ATP synthase makes ATP
- Fermentation
- electron donor (glucose) goes through substrate level phosphorylation, makes ATP, pyruvate used to make lactate
- organotroph
- uses organic chemicals as energy source
- lithotroph
- uses inorganic materials as energy source
- phototroph
- uses light as energy source
- heterotroph
- uses organic materials as carbon source
- autotroph
- uses CO2 as carbon source
- chemoheterotroph/ chemoorganotroph
- uses organic chemicals as energy source and organic materials as carbon source
- lithtrophic/ heterotroph/mixotroph
- uses inorganic materials as energy source and organic materials as carbon source
- photoheterotroph
- uses light as an energy source and organic materials as carbon source
- chemolithotroph/chemoautotroph
- uses inorganic materials as energy source and CO2 as carbon source
- photoautotroph
- uses light as an energy source and CO2 as a carbon source
- pyrodictium
- H2 to H+ So (elemental sulfur) to H2S (hydorgen sulfide) extremely thermophilic sulfur metabolizer
- Pyrodictium cell shape
- disc shaped, connected by tubes made of heat resistant proteins
- Pyrodictium phylogeny
- crenarchaeota
- pyrodictium metabolism type
- anaerobic chemolithtroph
- pyrodictium redox potentials
- 2H+/H2 -.42 So/H2S - -.28
- pyrodictium habitat
- submarine volcanic
- pyrodictium ecological importance
- anaerobic sulfur reduction in geothermal environments
- pyrodictium exploitation
- potential for thermostable, fast acting enzymes
- Clostridium butyricum
- sugars to acetyl CoA + Co2 acetyla CoA to butyric acid and acetic acid
- Clostridium butyricum shape
- spore forming rod
- Clostridium butyricum phylogeny
- gram positive bacteria low mol% G+C
- Clostridium butyricum taxonomic classification
- anaerobic endospore forming gram positive rod
- Clostridium butyricum redox pairs
- H+/H2 -.41
- Clostridium butyricum habitat
- soil
- Clostridium butyricum ecological importance
- sugar breakdown, organic acid production, H2 production
- Clostridium butyricum exploitation
- solvent production
- methanobacterium
- H2 to H+ CO2 to CH2
- methanobacterium shape
- irregular rod
- methanobacterium metabolic type
- anaerobic chemolithotroph
- methanobacterium phylogeny
- euryarchaeota
- methanobacterium taxonomic classification
- methanogen
- methanobacterium redox pairs
- 2H+/H2 -.42 CO2/CH4 -.24
- methanobacterium CO2 fixation
- by acetyl CoA pathway
- methanobacterium habitats
- pond sediment, anaerobic digesters, landfills, gastrointestinal tracts, endosymbiont of anaerobic protozoa, geothermal habitats
- methanobacterium ecological importance
- anaerobic degradation, methane production, greenhouse gas
- methanobacterium exploitation
- fuel production
- desulfovibrio
- lactic acid, other org compounds, or H2 to acetic acid or H+ So42- to H2s
- desulfovibrio shape
- vibrio
- desulfovibrio metabolic type
- anaerobic chemoorganotroph
- desulfovibrio phylogeny
- delta proteobacteria
- desulfovibrio taxonomic classification
- sulfate reducer
- desulfovibrio redox pairs
- acetate/lactate So42-/H2S -.22
- desulfovibrio habitat
- sediments, esp marine
- desulfovibrio exploitation
- anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation, reductive dechlorination
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei
- butyrate and other fatty acids to acetate H+ to H2
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei cell shape
- slightly helical rod
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei metabolic type
- fermentor
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei phylogeny
- gram positive bacteria
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei taxonomic classification
- syntroph
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei redox pairs
- H+/H2-.41
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei habitat
- anoxic mud, sewage digesters
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei ecological importance
- fatty acid breakdown, hydrogen utilization
- Syntrophomonas Wolfei exploitation
- bioreactors, sewage digesters
- lactococcus lactis
- sugars to pyruvic acid pyruvic acid to lactic acid
- lactococcus lactis shape
- chain of cocci
- lactococcus lactis matabolic type
- fermenter
- lactococcus lactis phylogeny
- gram positive bacteria, low mol% G+C
- lactococcus lactis taxonomic classification
- homofermentative lactic acid bacteria
- lactococcus lactis redox pairs
- pyruvate/glucose ? pyruvate/lactate -.19
- lactococcus lactis habitats
- dairy products
- lactococcus lactis ecological importance
- sugar breakdown, organic acid production
- lactococcus lactis exploitation
- dairy products
- A
- A
- chromatium cell shape
- large rod with sulfur granules
- chromatium metabolic type
- anoxygenic phototroph
- chromatium phylogeny
- gamma proteobacteria
- chromatium taxonomic classification
- purple sulfur bacteria
- chromatium metabolism
- H2S to SO42 energy from light Co2 fixation
- chromatium habitat
- salt marsh mats, stratified lakes
- chromatium ecological importance
- sulfide oxidation co2 fixation
- anabaena cell shape
- filament with hetercysts