History, Section 12
Terms
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- four reasons that caused tension in Europe before World War i
-
Nationalism
imperialism
miliatarism
system of alliances - feeling of loyalty or patriotism toward your country or one's cultural group
- nationalism
- conquering foreign territory
- imperialism
- miliatarism
- becayse the major countries feared each other, each was building a powerful military
- system of alliance
- the mjor countries of Europe were dicided into two groups
- Means "friendly agreement"
- Entente
- Name the members of the Triple Entente
- Britain, France, Russia
- Name the members of the Triple Alliance
- Austria Hungary, Italy, Germany
- spark that started WWi
- Nationalist in Serbia wanted to unite all southern slavs into one country
- many slavs lived in ___________ _______________-most of them agreed with the idea of a
- southern austria hungary, independent slavic nation
- Heir to the throne of Austria Hungary
- Franz Ferdinand
- Opposed the idea of a new country for Slavs because Austria Hungary would have to give up so much land
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- Assassinated by a Slav who was a member of a Serbian terrorist organization
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- Who in Serbia wwere also members of this terrorist group?
- Some government officials!! (DUN dun dun,,,)
- Austria Hungary asked ____________ ti support them and any action Austria Hungary took to attack Serbia
- Germany, Serbia
- Leader of Germany
- Kaiser Wilhelm II
- gave a blank check to what country?
- Kaiser Wilhelm II to Austria hungary
- Presented an ultimatum (name country and name country that ultimatum was presented to)
- Austria Hungary gave ulitmatum to Serbia
- what did the ultimatum say?
- that if all the demands were not met within 48 hours, Austria Hungary would declare war on Serbia
- Austria Hungary delcared war on Serbia and ______________ began
- World War I
- Why did Russia decide to help Serbia?
- Because many russians were slavs
- Russian leader was _______________ (wife was ___________)
- Czar Nicholous II
- Was neutral
- Belgium
- Major countries in Europe (including ________) had promised to respect the neutrality of ______. furthermore, ______ had a treaty with Belgium promising to help in case of invasion
- (germany) belgium. britain had treaty with Belgium
- _____ wanted to move its troops in ______ through Belgium
- Germany, into france
- Belgium refused to give permission to do so. Germany declared war on ______ and invaded the next day
- France
- ____ declared war on France and invaded- the next day Britain declared war on Germany for 2 reasons-
-
1. German invastion of Britain
2. Germany's plan to attack on France and Russia - within one week after WWI began , all memers of the Triple ____ and the Triple ____ were involved in the war except _____. This country later joined against _______ and _____-________
- Entente and the Triple Alliance were involved in the war except Italy. This country later joined against Germany and Austria Hungary
- Central Powers
- name for those siding with Austria-Hungary and Germnay
- Allies
- Name for the countries siding with Belgium, Russia, Serbia, Britain, France
- which country had the best army during WWI?
- Germnay
- Inventor of Schlieffen Plan
- Alfred Von Shlieffen
- The Schlieffen plan was an outline of
- how Germany could win a war between France and Russia
- Step 1 (1-3_ of Schlieffen Plan
-
1. Quickly move troops into france through Belgium
2. Leave some soldier on Belgium border
3. Conquere france in a few weeks - Step 2 of the Schlieffen Plan (2) thinggs
- 1. Transfer most German troops from France to the Russian border. Germans had to move rapidly for the plan to work
- Germnay believed this country would negotiate a peace settlement becayse that country would ne the only major nation left figithing
- Britain
- This battle ended Germany's plan for a quick vicotry in France
- Battle of the Marne
- what country had to withdraw from WWI due to a communist takeover?
- Russia
- Discuss fighting on the Western Front
- Both sides dug hundreds of miles of trenches in France and Belgium.
- What items were placed between trenches in the Western Front fighting?
- Barbed wire and land mines
- Was the Western Front war a success?
- no, it was a stalemate, little territory was gained by either side
- Fights between planes were called
- dogfights
- Known as the Red Baron (name country)
- Baron Manfred von Richtofen. German who shot down the most planes in WWI
- what were german submarines called?
- U-boats (undersea boats)
- what was the international law regarding the sinking of ships in WWI?
-
1. WARSHIPS could be sunk at nay time.
2. Navy could stop and search ships at any time
3. If ships carried war material, they could be sunk after taking care of crew and passengers - What country used unrestricted submarine warefare?
- Germans
- What was unrestricted submarine warefare?
- meant that all ships were subject to be sunk without warning
- What was the Lusitania?
- British passenger ship
- whud did germany announced after the skinging of the lustinania? why did germnay announce this?
- that it would begin using unrestricted submarine warefare again
- why did germany decide to use unrestricted submarine warefare again?
- it believed that it would enable it to win the war before the US could send many troops to Europe
- The sinking of the Lusitania did NOT cause US to
- enter WWI
- 4 examples of British violations of international law during WWI
-
1. opened US mail
2. interfered with American trade with neutral trade
3. some britain ships flew american flag
4. britain and france refused to allow central powers to use suez canal - 3 primary reasons US entered wwi
-
strong british american ties
german use of unrestricted submarine warefare
zimmerman telegram - what did the zimmerman telegram say?
- was from german foreign secretary Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico. Said of Mexico would attack US, Germany would help them
- name 6 points of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points
-
1. an end to secret treaties
2. freedom of seas
3. no tariffs
4. self determination
5. weapons and military forces of all countries should be reduced
6. created league of nations - Wilson's most important point
- League of Nations
- Organization to help keep the peace
- League of Nations
- armistice means
- truce or agreement to stop fighting
- german leader who abdicated at the end of WWI
- Wilhelm I
- what did woodrow wilson call WWI?
-
the war to end all wars
the war to make the world safe for democracy - name for the leaders of the 4 major allied countries
- big 4
- name the big four
-
US-Woodrow Wilson
GB-David Lloyd George
France-Georges Clemenceau
Italy-Vittorio Orlando - the treaties ignored
- most of the 14 points
- treaty of versaille was with what country?
- germany
- name 6 terms of Treaty of Versailles
-
1. only small army and navy
2. no drafting
3. No placing troops in Rhine River
4. Gave up Alsace and Lorraine
5. Lost Polish Corridor
6. Colonies taken away - two new countries were created out of Austria Hungary, name them
-
Czechoslovakia
Yugoslavia (included Serbia and Montenegro - Divided into 2 sections after WWI
- austria and hungary
- ____ became a contry again
- Poland
- Never adopted the treaty of Versailles and never joined _________ __ ________
- the League of Nations