KEY TERMS: ETHICS (copy)
Terms
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- Principles vs. Standards
- PRINCIPLES=Aspirational (6), underlying principles that should direct the bx of psychologists: Competence, Integrity, Professional/Scientific Responsibility, Respect of Rights & Dignity, Concern for Others' Welfare, Social Respnosibility; STANDARDS=Enforceable Rules (8), specific guidelines to which the bx of psychologists can be held
- Consultation vs. Supervision vs. Training vs. Referring Out
- CONSULTATION: if psychologist is somewhat familiar with area/disorder but no an expert or has concerns re: objectivity; SUPERVSION: when psychologist is applying newly learned technique or beginning to work w/specialized population (not yet ready to practice independently in the area); TRAINING: vital when psychologist is unfamiliar with certain area of knowledge and usually followed by supervision; REFERRING OUT: approporiate if objectivity is lacking or therapist lacks competence in certain area
- Multiple Relationships vs. Bartering
- MULTIPLE RELATIONSHIPS: acceptable if unfeasible to avoid social/nonprofessional contact but not if it harms objectivity or exploits pt; BARTERING: should ordinarily refrain from bartering b/c of inherent potential for conflict, acceptable only if it is not contraindicated and not exploitative
- Testimonials
- May be solicited and used only under certain narrowly prescribed situations; can never be solicited from current pts or previous pts who are vulnerable to undue influence
- Elements of Informed Consent
- 1. Pt has capacity to consent, 2. Pt has been given all relevant information, 3. Pt has given consent freely and w/o "undue influence," 4. Consent has been documented
- Sex with Patients vs. Treating Former Sexual Partners
- Psychologists may NEVER engage in sex with current pts and they may NEVER treat previous sexual partners; they may not have sex with a former pt unless at least 2 YEARS have passed and under the "most unusual circumstances"
- Subpoena vs. Court-Order
- SUBPOENAS: usually issued by attorneys and can be a subpoena alone (requiring therapist to appear) or a subpoena duces tecum (requiring therapist to appear with records)--in latter case, therapist should contact pt and seek permission to release records, w/o permission, appear at designated location and assert privilege on pt's behalf; COURT-ORDER: signed by judge, therapist must comply or be held in contempt of court
- Court-Appointed Evaluation vs. Court-Ordered Therapy
- COURT-APPOINTED EVAL: psychologist has been retained by court to evaluate a defendant, results will be shared w/court and confidentiality is wavied, no signed release of info is needed but informed consent is neessary before eval; COURT-ORDERED TX: court has ordered defendant to seek tx as condition of sentence, psychologist must clarify court requirements and discuss w/pt for informed consent, must have release to communicate w/court
- Expert Witness
- Must have relevant knowledge of the legal system, as well as knowledge of the domain to be presented in court; must be recognized as an expert witness by the court before testifying as such
- Child Custody Evaluation
- The focus is on parenting capacity, the psychological and developmental needs of the child, and the resulting fit; role of psychologist is as professional expert who strives to maintain an impartial, objective stance; psychologist must avoid multiple relationships (no tx with participants); must obtain informed consent from all participants; must use multiple methods of info gathering; must not give opinion regarding psych fx of indvl not personally evaluated
- Formal vs. Informal Resolution of Colleagues' Misconduct
- Must consider type of offense committed, severity of the offense, and who provided the information; must protect ct's confidentiality above all; minor offense-discuss w/colleague, major offense-report to baord; time frame on filing complaints=1 year for APA members, 5 years for laypublic