USMLE Step2 Secrets Signs/Syndromes
Terms
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- Beck's triad
- Jugular venous distention, muffled heart sounds, and hypotension in cardiac tamponade
- Brudzinski's sign
- Pain on neck flexion with meningeal irritation (meningitis)
- Charcot's triad
- fevers or chills, jaundice, and RUQ pain with cholangitis
- Chvostek's sign
- Tapping on the facial nerve elicits tetany in hypocalcemia
- Courvoisier's sign
- a painless, palpable gallbaldder plus jaundice equals pancreatic cancer
- Cullen's sign
- bluish discoloration of periumbilical area from retropertioneal hemorrhage (pancreatitis)
- Cushing's reflex
- hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations with high intracranial pressure
- Grey Turner's sign
- bluish discoloration of flank from retroperitoneal hemorrhage (think pancreatitis)
- Homan's sign
- calf pain on forced dorsiflexion of the foot with deep venous thrombosis
- Kehr's sign
- pain in the left shoulder with ruptured spleen
- Leriche's syndrome
- claudication and atrophy of the buttocks with impotence (aortoiliac occlusive disease)
- McBurney's sign
- tenderness at McBurney's point with appendicitis
- Murphy's sign
- arrest of inspiration when palpating under the rib cage on the right with cholecystitis
- Ortolani's sign/test
- palpable or audible clikc in congenital hip dysplasia caused by abducting infant's flexed hips
- Prehn's sign
- elevation of a painful testicle that relieves pain in epididymitis (vs testicular torsion)
- Rovsing's sign
- pain at McBurney's point in appendicitis that is caused by pushing on left lower quadrant
- Tinel's sign
- paresthesias in carpal tunnel syndrome elicited by tapping on the volar surface of the wrist
- Trousseau's sign
- carpopedal spasm (tetany) in hypocalcemia caused by pumping up a blood pressure cuff
- Virchow's triad
- stasis, endothelial damage, and hypercoagulability (deep venous thrombosis risk factors)