Theo FINAL
If anyone just so happens to be taking Professor John Perry's Foundations of Theology class and happens to find this, this is the final study guide made into a easy to use set of flash cards that can be made into a quiz set easily and randomly.
Terms
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- penchant for the weak
- recurrent motif of protection for the widow, orphan, alien, stranger, and the poor
- Assyria, Babylon, Persia
- place the following superpowers in their correct order sequentially (separated by commas): Persia, Babylon, Assyria
- casuistic
- Which type of law (apodictic or casuistic) is primarily used in Leviticus?
- Abrahamic covenant
- God's covenant of heritage and promised land; generations
- Essenes
- sect of Jews of Judea who withdrew from what they considered a corrupted priesthood in piety and disgust; their library is known as the Dead Sea Scrolls - People
- casuistic law
- conditional law concerning crime and punishment
- deuterocanonical books
- books in the OT, but not the Hebrew Bible; include Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Sirach, Baruch and 1/2 Maccabees
- Laytham
- the author of the article saying the 10 Commandments should be displayed publicly through our actions
- Christian eschatology
- Christian theology of the ultimate destiny of humanity including N.T. Wright's belief of a New Creation when heaven will come down to Earth and make all things new, or the older heaven/hell theology
- Psalm 2
- passage refering to a royal coronation; "annointed one" - messiah; "You are my son"
- Docetism
- the heretical belief (associated with the Gnostics) that Jesus had no human body and his suffering and death on the cross were apparent rather than real (Clark Kent)
- Luke
- this gospel portrays Jesus as the liberator of the oppressed
- Mark
- this gospel portrays Jesus as one who pays for our sins with his death
- exegesis
- an explanation or critical interpretation (especially of the Bible)
- council at Jerusalem
- special council where Peter decided (Acts 15) that Gentiles should be included in the Church and not forced to conform to certain Jewish practices
- Judas Maccabeus
- early Jewish Zealot who inspired the Hasmonean Dynasty; fought to restore the Jewish temple; started a revolt against Selucid ruler Antiochus Epiphanes
- myth
- the probable genre of Genesis 1-2
- Messiah
- "annointed one" or another name for a King; commonly misunderstood term in modern Christianity
- David
- Israel's greatest (human) king; who was chosen by God, although the "weakest" of his brothers; succeeds Saul
- N.T. Wright
- who - the Gospels are true, but cannot be proved; idea of virgin birth is not pre-Christian/Jewish tradition, but instead a pagan idea which would be foolish unless the idea were true
- Rehoboam
- succeeds Solomon the wise, king during Israel's secession
- Sabbatical year
- Leviticus 25; the seventh year; the soil rested and was not planted
- reaffirms
- Jesus (reaffirms/rejects) _______ the old laws when he answers that the greatest commandment is to love your neighbor as yourself.
- Hasmonean Dynasty
- an autonomous state in ancient Judah established by Maccabeus' brother; rose shortly after the success of the Maccabean revolt
- Mosaic covenant
- God's covenant with the Israelites; "I AM your God, you are my people"
- covenant
- vow, promise, contract, pact, or testament
- four pillars of Judaism
- Land, Temple, Torah, and People
- divided kingdom
- Israel's secedes from Judah after David/Solomon/Rehoboam creating a _______ _______
- Uriah
- Bonus question: what was the name of the man David murdered because David had gotten the man's wife pregnant?
- 2 source hypothesis
- explanation for synoptic problem; Matthew and Luke were written using Mark and a book of quotes called Q
- Solomon
- the "wisest" king of Israel; built the temple
- parity
- type of covenant between two equal beings; e.g. buying and selling of goods
- documentary hypothesis
- J - Yahwist (Jahwist), E - Elohist, P - Priestly, D - Deuteronomist; Biblical theory to explain repetition in the Torah
- Book of the Covenant
- the portion of the law given at Sinai after the Ten Commandments (i.e., the casuistic laws in Ex. 22-23)
- Second Temple Judaism
- Judaism from 526 BC - 70 AD; time period in Jewish history after the return from exile
- Genesis 1
- Creation story where God creates the world in 7 days, ending with man
- Canonicity
- how the canon is developed by the belief that the Bible is the result of both God's inspiration and human interpretation thereof
- 1 Samuel 8
- passage where Israel requests a King, God grants the request, and Samuel warns about the rights of a King, but they persistently demand one
- Samuel
- prophet during the time of Saul, David, and Solomon
- Acts 10-15
- scripture where Peter decides that Gentiles can be saved
- Kosher
- food that fulfills the requirements of Jewish dietary law
- Hebrew Bible
- the Jewish Scriptures that Jesus often refers to in the NT; missing certain deuterocanonical books in the Xn OT; TaNaKh = Torah (teaching), Nevi'im (prophets), Ketuvim (writing)
- Cyrus' decree
- this decree repatriated the Jewish people; typical part of this King's policy; Jews were not the only repatriated people
- McLaren
- this person presents the Conservative Protestant, Pentecostal, Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Liberal Protestant, Anabaptist, and Liberation Theology versions of Jesus
- sermon on the mount
- Jesus' teaching on important theological issues for Christians today (primarily about money, sex, and politics)
- Isaiah
- prophet shortly after the kingdom divides; writes about Jerusalem and their exile from the holy land
- Borg
- who - "The Bible is the human response to God" metaphorical
- Ebionism
- the heretical belief that Jesus was simply a mere man and not divine, and that he became "Son of God" only when the Holy Spirit came upon him (Gandhi)
- apodictic law
- policy law; divine, unbreakable commands
- Borg
- who - the Gospels are true, but not history; metaphors; contradictions; miracles
- Son of God
- this phrase of honor for a King, not necessarily a reference to divinity; name for King David in Psalm 2 ___ __ ___
- Josiah
- discoverer of the lost Torah after exile, makes superficial reforms
- Maccabean revolt
- revolution led by Judas Maccabeus against the tyrannical reign of Antiochus Epiphanes after his pillaging of Jerusalem's temple during the outlaw of Judaism
- covenant formula
- (1) Preamble, (2) Historical Prologue, (3) Stipulations [terms], (4) Publication, (5) List of Witnesses, (6) Curses and Blessings, (7) Oath and Solemn Ceremony
- Babylon
- the second superpower to be in control of the Israelites; Nebuchadnezzar was King
- Wyschogrod
- who wrote the letter addressed to a Christian-Jewish friend saying it's possible to be both Jewish/Christian, but must respect Judaism in light of Christianity; "old theology" - supercessionism, replaced with "alternative theology"
- Pharisees
- sect of Jews who were liberal and sought to study the applications of Torah to everyday life - Torah
- Genesis 2
- Creation story which emphasizes Adam's creation and the Garden of Eden
- Israel's concept of God
- belief in one God (monotheism vs henotheism or polytheism) and God is involved in Creation (between pantheism and deism)
- Jeremiah 31:31-33
- passage about Israel's hope for the future in a New Covenant
- Ezra
- descendant of Aaron; born/raised in Babylon; scribe; 1st rabbi; refurnished temple; money to help remnants of Jewish people; copy of Torah
- Jesus' death
- Rejected Prophet (acts 7:51-52), Ransom (Mark 10:45), Sacrifice (several), Suffering Servant (Luke 22:36-38), Grain of Wheat (John 12:24), Shepherd (John 10:11), Mother (Matt 23:37), and Foolishness (1 Corint 1:18); images for ______ _____
- Attridge
- who - Bible is not strict history, but a story which serves as an ethical guide
- problems
- Jesus only talked about a few things in the Sermon on the Mount (Money, Sex, and Politics), and he made seemingly impossible demands; various _________ with the sermon
- Trinity
- the union of the Father and Son and Holy Spirit in one Godhead; the Church's theological perspective of God
- Christological heresies
- beliefs that deny official truths about Christ held by the Church; examples include Arianism, Docetism, and Pelagianism
- Assyria
- the first superpower to be in control of the Israelites; Tiglath-Pileser III was King
- Cyrus
- ruler of Persia during Israel's exile; allows the first exiles to return to Jerusalem
- Canonical Selection
- the process by which the Canon of the Bible developed: (1) Use by a community, (2) Quotation in ancient authority, (3) Apostolic origin, and (4) "rule of faith"
- Jahwist
- What does the J in the documentary hypothesis refer to? (hint - it starts with a J!)
- remnant
- the remaining fragment of Jewish people after the years of exile under Assyria, Babylon, and Persia (this is a simple noun...)
- Davidic covenant
- God's covenant of peace and justice; royal lineage
- John
- this gospel portrays Jesus as God made flesh, the Word of God (Logos)
- Dei Verbum
- who - Bible=God's word, but must discern writer's original intent
- Synoptic problem
- seen together, there is far more literary similarity than one would expect in three of the four Gospels
- suzerainity
- type of covenant between a Lord and his subject; the type of covenant between God and humans
- Messianic prophecies
- passages which Christians read with the belief that they imply the coming of the Messiah; includes Isaiah 7:14 (Immanuel, son of a virgin) and Isaiah 53:4-11 (the Suffering Servant)
- Davies article
- God/Abraham = a case of male bonding
- intertestamental period
- time of Hasmonean Dynasty & civil war; Pompey and Rome; period of great Helenization; aka the Silent Years
- Saul, David, Solomon, Rehoboam
- Put these four kings in order separated by commas: Solomon, David, Saul, Rehoboam
- Nathan
- prophet during David's reign who calls him out for his sin with Bathsheba with a parable about a poor man's little ewe lamb
- Augustinian hypothesis
- explanation for synoptic problem; Matthew written first, then Luke copied/added, then Mark copied from both what he thought was important
- Jeremiah 29:5-7
- passage about Israel's need to continue to thrive in exile in the land God has exiled them to
- Brueggeman
- writer who speaks in reference to lament; genuine covenant interaction (false self = bad faith based in fear/guilt); questions of justice (to God concerning neighbor/God)
- lament
- when people demand justice from God; one book of the OT is just about this process; in class we discussed if this is legitimate prayer
- creed
- several opinions against having a documented set of beliefs: it's unnecessarily narrow, it's a political power play, and it's too philosophical; these were challenges to the _____
- Second Isaiah
- Isaiah 40-55; aka Isaiah of Exile
- Pax Romana
- the idea of Roman occupation that said it would bring peace through military dominance; partially successful idea of a Roman world
- Freud
- who - Religion and the Bible are results of human superstition, people need to be liberated from religion
- Sadducees
- sect of Jews consisting of priests and wealthy business people; conservatives - Temple
- Jesus Seminar
- tried to test the Canon of the Bible against history using beads to decide if each "theologian" believed that each passage sounded like Jesus or not (red-Jesus, black-not him)
- theories of atonement
- cross as... sacrifice; victory (Christus Victor); forgiveness; moral example -- newer ideas... eric clapton; horcrux
- Torah
- 1st 5 books of OT; Hebrew "instruction"/"teaching"; traditionally from Moses
- purity laws
- Jewish laws about physical cleanliness of the body
- treif
- food that does not fulfill the requirements of Jewish dietary law
- Bono
- who says "Religion often gets in the way of God;" speaks about the Jubilee; "the poor are where God lives;" Justice vs. Charity; Pharoah & Equality; "Get involved in what God is doing;" Judgmentalism
- Noahide covenant
- God's covenant of recreation; rainbow
- N.T. Wright
- who - "Jesus is raised, therefore the new Creation has begun, and we have a job to do"
- Jeremiah 5:26-29
- passage about wicked people in Israel; God promises His soul's vengeance upon them
- theological exile
- after years of physically being exiled from their homeland, the Jews find that they have trouble maintaining their connection with Yahweh (different kind of exile)
- Bathsheba
- King David's worst mistake; he murders his friend Uriah for this woman because he got her pregnant
- Athanasius
- Church (Roman Catholic Church) apologist and Greek patriarch of Alexandria who supported Christian orthodoxy against Arianism - namely that Christ must be fully God and fully human
- John
- Which Gospel refers to Jesus as the Logos?
- Darius' decree
- this decree called the Jews to continue working; Jews finish rebuilding the temple
- prophecy
- when God demands justice from people; when certain individuals (eg. Isaiah, Samuel, Nathan) bring God's truth to people
- Arianism
- the heretical belief that asserted the radical primacy of the Father over the Son; in other words, denied Christ's full divinity (middle-manager)
- Decalogue
- the official name of the 10 Commandments (think Greek "ten words"...)
- holiness laws
- Jewish laws about spiritual cleanliness
- five act drama
- I - Creation, II - Fall, III - Israel, IV - Jesus, V - Church; the Bible as a ____ ___ _____
- Psalm 51
- passage about repentance; create in me a clean heart; likely written by David or one of his writers
- creed
- this religious statement makes a truth claim, sets religious boundaries, provides a hermeneutic for reading scriptures, proclaims the belief to the world, and pledges allegiance to the beliefs
- atonement
- the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing (especially appeasing a deity); Amends, reparation, or expiation made from wrong or injury
- Saul
- The first human King of Israel; rose quickly, fell quickly
- Geisler
- who - Bible=God's word; worried about the slipperry slope of Biblical interpretation
- interpretations
- about the Sermon on the mount; 'Catholic' - priests need to obey all, but others are more relaxed; 'Idealistic' - sermon presents ideals; 'Eschatological' - only for end times; 'Social program;' and 'Old Law' - see sins/repent; various _______________ of the sermon
- New Covenant
- hinted at in Jeremiah 31:31-33; hope for the future of Israel during their years in exile
- year of Jubilee
- Leviticus 25; Debts cancelled; slaves realesed; and returned to orginal owners; 50th Year; Purpose- Help poor; stablize Society.
- 2 Samuel 12:7
- passage in which David was annointed King of Israel by Samuel
- Matthew
- this gospel portrays Jesus as Immanuel (God with us), in body and church
- Antiochus Epiphanes
- infamous Selucid ruler who attempted to consolidate/strengthen his empire by outlawing Judaism and demanding worship of Zeus
- Adoptionism
- the heretical belief that Jesus was adopted as the Son at his baptism and he became semi-divine (Spiderman)
- heavenly
- God wanted his people to have a(n) _______ King
- Diaspora
- Jews exiled by Babylonians, living in exile were called the ________
- 4 source hypothesis
- explanation for synoptic problem; Matthew and Luke were written using Mark, a book of quotes called Q, and two other lost documents (M - Matthew, and L - Luke)
- Jesus
- Messiah, Son of God, Son of Man, Lord, Savior, God (Logos); names for _____
- Apollinarianism
- the heretical belief Jesus had a human body, but a divine soul (Terminator)
- Q
- in the two (or four) document hypothesis, this book contained a list of quotations by Jesus
- Persia
- the third superpower to be in control of the Israelites; Cyrus was King
- Jeremiah
- prophet during the exile; career - Israel must repent; destroyed message; keeps 40 years; imprisoned; rejects comfortable exile
- hermeneutics
- lens for reading, theory of interpretation, reading strategy
- Hebrew names for God
- Elohim (generic god), Adonai (Lord), and Yahweh (God's proper name; LORD)
- Zealots
- sect of Jews that rose up in armed rebellion against Rome around Jesus' lifetime; unsuccessful, and Jewish Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed - Land
- Leviticus 19:9
- corners of the field passage
- exiles
- after Cyrus' decree, the newly liberated Jewish people return to the promised land; return of the first ______
- Silent Years
- time of Hasmonean Dynasty & civil war; Pompey and Rome; period of great Helenization; aka the intertestamental period; the ______ _____
- Canon
- a collection of books accepted as holy scripture especially the books of the Bible recognized by any Christian church as genuine and inspired