Seminar chapters 1-5
Look over order of PPE
transmissions of HIV/AIDs and exposure control. it's kind of obvious but make sure you know it. Review all bold items in notes and patient reception and ergonomic practice!
transmissions of HIV/AIDs and exposure control. it's kind of obvious but make sure you know it. Review all bold items in notes and patient reception and ergonomic practice!
Terms
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- Trendelenburg
- patient is in the supine position and tipped back and down 35 degrees to 45 degrees so heart is higher than head
- Founder of dental hygiene
- Alfred C Fones
- HHV5 Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)
- transmitted neonatal and excreted in urine, saliva, cervical secretions and semen. blood transfusions and transplants
- critical surface category
- penetrates soft tissue or bone so it must be sterilized or disposed of
- Spatter
- Airborne infection: particles greater than 50um in diameter, and are visible
- ADPIE
- The dental hygiene process of care
- Secondary prevention
- Involves the treatments of early disease to preventfurther progress of potentially irreversible conditions. EX: removal of all calculus and dental biofilm
- Chemical Vapor sterilizer
- A combination of alcohols, formaldehyde, ketone, water and acetone heated under pressre produces a gas that is effective as a sterilizing agent
- Microorganisms in oral cavity- origin
- oral cavity sterile in utero, after birth, a simple oral flora develops
- Clinical attire(PPE) includes:
- gown/uniform, hair/head covering, outside wear and mask.
- HHV4 Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
- mononucleosis
- E
- Evaluate(feedback on effectiveness)
- Hepatitis A virus
- Most commonly occuring viral hepatitis. Transmission by fecal-oral route, waterborne and food-borne and by blood. Incubation period: 15-45 days (avg. is 30 days) and infection is communicable at this point.
- Neutral seated position of your wrists
- forearm and wrists are in a straight line.
- Semicritical surface category
- touches intanct mucous membranes, oral fluids and does not penetrate. Must sterilize after each use or high-level disinfectant
- Neutral seated position of your elbows
- close to the body
- Neutral seated position of your shoulders
- relaxed and parallel with the floor
- Objective of handwashing
- to reduce the bacterial flora of the hands to an absolute minimum
- Direct supervision
- The dentist is in the dental office, personally diagnoses the condition to be treated, personally authorize the procedure and before dismissal evualtes the performance of the dental professional
- The mask does not filter
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Hepatitis D virus
- cannot cause infection except in the presence of HBV infection
- General supervision
- The dentist has prior knowledge and has given consent for the procedures being performed during which the dentist is not required to be present in the office or premise
- Dry Heat
- primarily used for materials that cannot safetly be sterilized with steam under pressure
- Plan
- The selection of interventions to be performed by the patient, dental hygienist, or others to meet the needs of the patient in attaining oral health
- Dental Hygiene diagnosis
- Provides basis on which the dental hygiene care plan is designed, implemented and evaluated
- Categories of Disinfectants
- High level, intermediate level and low level
- Noncritical surface category
- Does not touch mucous membranes so clean use a tuberculocidal intermediate level disinfectant
- Implementation
- The activation of care plan
- Dust-borne organisms
- Airborne infection- microorganisms travel in the dust brought in from outside and that moves in and about dental treatment areas
- A
- assesment(data collection)
- The chemical indicator on the package means
- the autoclave has reached designated temp, DOES NOT designate sterilization
- High level disinfectant
- Inactivates spores and all forms of bacteria, fungi and viruses
- Factors that alter normal defenses
- Abnormal physical conditions, systemic diseases, drug therapy and prostheses and transplants
- Principle drugs for Tuberculosis
- Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Rifampin and ethambutol
- Essential features for disease transmission
- 1. Infectious agent 2. reservoirs 3. port of exit 4. transmission 5. port of entry and a susceptible host
- HHV3 Varicell-Zoster Virus (VZV)
- varicella (chicken pox) and zoster (shingles)
- Two types of assesment data
- subjective and objective data
- Core values in dental hygiene
- Individual autonomy, confidentiality, societal trust, beneficence, nonmaleficence,justice and veracity
- Basic steps in recirculation of instruments
- 1. dirty instruments from clinical use 2. Instrument cleaning(thermal disinfection or ultrasonic) 3. Rinse and dry 4. package 5. seal. 6. Sterilize
- Subjective data
- Obtained by observation and interaction with the patient
- Tuberculosis(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- Transmitted by inhalation of tubercle bacilli. Organisms are disseminated from sputum and saliva of the infected. Incubation period may be as long as 10 weeks. Standard precautions are not sufficient for this.
- Herpetic Whitlow
- HSV1 : herpes simplex infection of the finger
- Factors that influence the development of infection
- number of organisms and duration of exposure, virulence, immune status of the host and genral physical health of the host
- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV1)
- may be isolated to gingiva, most commonly found on vermillion border of lower lip. Lesions are infectious
- Upright position
- initial position from which chair adjustments are made
- all roles of dental hygienist are considered to be _______ within the context of improving the public's health by promoting oral health
- Interrelated
- Neutral seated position of your head
- on top of neutral spine with forward neck flexion between 15-20 degrees or less
- Assessment
- Provides a foundation for patient care by collecting both subjective and objective data
- Objective data
- Measurable and factual
- Primary prevention
- refers to measures carried out so that disease does not occur and is truly prevented. EX: the use of fluorides
- recommended chemical agents used for dentistry
- Glutaraldehydes, chlorine compounds, Iodophors and complex/combination Phenolics
- Semi-upright position
- patients with certain types of cardiovascular, respiratory or vertigo proplems may need this position
- Low level disinfectant
- Inactivates vegetative bacteria and certain lipid-type viruses but do not destroy spores, tubercle bacilli or non-lipid viruses
- dental hygiene was founded in
- 1906
- I
- Implement(activating plan)
- supine
- flat position: brain on same level as heart: supports circulation and is used for most treatment procedures
- Evaluation
- Used to determine if the patient needs to be re-treated
- Intermediate level disinfectant
- Inactivates all forms of microorganisms but do not destroy spores
- Hepatitis B Virus
- Serious occupational hazard for healthcare personnel. Transmission by ONLY blood, saliva, semen and vaginal fluids. Incubation period is 2-6 months (avg. is 60-90 days)
- Sterilization methods
- moist heat, dry heat and chemical vapor sterilizer
- Areosols
- Airborne infection: less than 50 um in diameter, invisible and are breathed into the lungs
- Tertiary prevention
- Uses methods to replace lost tissues and to rehabilitate the oral cavity to a level where funtion is near normal as possible. EX: replacement of a missing tooth using a fixed or partial denture.
- Moist heat ( Steam under pressure)
- causes proteins to coagulate. Sterilization is achieved by action of heat and moisture; pressure serves only to attain high temp
- roles of a dental hygienist
- Clinician, educator, administrator/manager, advocate and researcher
- Forms of chemical disinfectants
- 1. Surface disinfectants 2. Immersion disinfectants 3. Immersion disinfectants 4. Hand antimicrobials
- Hepatitis E virus
- Transmission like those of HAV
- HHV2 Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV2)
- AKA genital herpes but also occurs as an oral and perioral infection. Prodomal state may be the most contagious
- General positions of patient
- upright, semi-upright, supine and trendelenburg
- Hepatitis C Virus
- Transmission by non-percutaneous routes and percutaneous exposure and transfusion. No vaccine available. May have no clinical symptoms.
- D
- Dental hygiene diagnosis(problem id)
- Indirect supervision
- The dentist is in the office, authorizes the procedures and remains in the office while the procedures are being performed by the allied dental professional
- Ocular Herpes
- HSV1: transmission via splashing saliva or fluid from a vesicular lesion directly into an unprotected eye.
- 1st dental hygienist
- Irene Newman
- P
- Plan(selection of intervention)